मूढ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মূঢ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬹᬠ (Balinese script)
• মূঢ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰳𑰛 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀽𑀠 (Brahmi script)
• မူဎ (Burmese script)
• મૂઢ (Gujarati script)
• ਮੂਢ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑍂𑌢 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦹꦞ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂴𑂛 (Kaithi script)
• ಮೂಢ (Kannada script)
• មូឍ (Khmer script)
• ມູຒ (Lao script)
• മൂഢ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᡠᡠᢟᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘴𑘛 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠤᠤᢎᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧕𑦻 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐹𑐝 (Newa script)
• ମୂଢ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢹꢟ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆷𑆞 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖳𑖛 (Siddham script)
• මූඪ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩩 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚱𑚗 (Takri script)
• மூட⁴ (Tamil script)
• మూఢ (Telugu script)
• มูฒ (Thai script)
• མཱུ་ཌྷ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒴𑒜 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨗 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *muẓḍʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *muždʰás, from the root *mawǰʰ- (“to err, to deviate”). Related to मुग्ध (mugdhá). See the root मुह् (muh) for cognates.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /muː.ɖʱɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmuː.ɖʱɐ/

Adjective

मूढ • (mūḍhá)

1. stupefied, bewildered, perplexed, confused, at a loss or uncertain about
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
2. ignorant, stupid, dull, foolish, simple
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मूढ (mūḍhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मूढः mūḍháḥ	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mūḍhaú / mūḍhā́¹	मूढाः / मूढासः¹ mūḍhā́ḥ / mūḍhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मूढ mū́ḍha	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mū́ḍhau / mū́ḍhā¹	मूढाः / मूढासः¹ mū́ḍhāḥ / mū́ḍhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मूढम् mūḍhám	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mūḍhaú / mūḍhā́¹	मूढान् mūḍhā́n
Instrumental	मूढेन mūḍhéna	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढैः / मूढेभिः¹ mūḍhaíḥ / mūḍhébhiḥ¹
Dative	मूढाय mūḍhā́ya	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Ablative	मूढात् mūḍhā́t	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Genitive	मूढस्य mūḍhásya	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढानाम् mūḍhā́nām
Locative	मूढे mūḍhé	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढेषु mūḍhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of मूढी (mūḍhī́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मूढी mūḍhī́	मूढ्यौ / मूढी¹ mūḍhyaù / mūḍhī́¹	मूढ्यः / मूढीः¹ mūḍhyàḥ / mūḍhī́ḥ¹
Vocative	मूढि mū́ḍhi	मूढ्यौ / मूढी¹ mū́ḍhyau / mū́ḍhī¹	मूढ्यः / मूढीः¹ mū́ḍhyaḥ / mū́ḍhīḥ¹
Accusative	मूढीम् mūḍhī́m	मूढ्यौ / मूढी¹ mūḍhyaù / mūḍhī́¹	मूढीः mūḍhī́ḥ
Instrumental	मूढ्या mūḍhyā́	मूढीभ्याम् mūḍhī́bhyām	मूढीभिः mūḍhī́bhiḥ
Dative	मूढ्यै mūḍhyaí	मूढीभ्याम् mūḍhī́bhyām	मूढीभ्यः mūḍhī́bhyaḥ
Ablative	मूढ्याः / मूढ्यै² mūḍhyā́ḥ / mūḍhyaí²	मूढीभ्याम् mūḍhī́bhyām	मूढीभ्यः mūḍhī́bhyaḥ
Genitive	मूढ्याः / मूढ्यै² mūḍhyā́ḥ / mūḍhyaí²	मूढ्योः mūḍhyóḥ	मूढीनाम् mūḍhī́nām
Locative	मूढ्याम् mūḍhyā́m	मूढ्योः mūḍhyóḥ	मूढीषु mūḍhī́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of मूढ (mūḍhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मूढम् mūḍhám	मूढे mūḍhé	मूढानि / मूढा¹ mūḍhā́ni / mūḍhā́¹
Vocative	मूढ mū́ḍha	मूढे mū́ḍhe	मूढानि / मूढा¹ mū́ḍhāni / mū́ḍhā¹
Accusative	मूढम् mūḍhám	मूढे mūḍhé	मूढानि / मूढा¹ mūḍhā́ni / mūḍhā́¹
Instrumental	मूढेन mūḍhéna	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढैः / मूढेभिः¹ mūḍhaíḥ / mūḍhébhiḥ¹
Dative	मूढाय mūḍhā́ya	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Ablative	मूढात् mūḍhā́t	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Genitive	मूढस्य mūḍhásya	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढानाम् mūḍhā́nām
Locative	मूढे mūḍhé	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढेषु mūḍhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

मूढ • (mūḍhá) stem, m

1. fool, idiot, dolt
2. confusion of the mind

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मूढ (mūḍhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मूढः mūḍháḥ	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mūḍhaú / mūḍhā́¹	मूढाः / मूढासः¹ mūḍhā́ḥ / mūḍhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मूढ mū́ḍha	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mū́ḍhau / mū́ḍhā¹	मूढाः / मूढासः¹ mū́ḍhāḥ / mū́ḍhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मूढम् mūḍhám	मूढौ / मूढा¹ mūḍhaú / mūḍhā́¹	मूढान् mūḍhā́n
Instrumental	मूढेन mūḍhéna	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढैः / मूढेभिः¹ mūḍhaíḥ / mūḍhébhiḥ¹
Dative	मूढाय mūḍhā́ya	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Ablative	मूढात् mūḍhā́t	मूढाभ्याम् mūḍhā́bhyām	मूढेभ्यः mūḍhébhyaḥ
Genitive	मूढस्य mūḍhásya	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढानाम् mūḍhā́nām
Locative	मूढे mūḍhé	मूढयोः mūḍháyoḥ	मूढेषु mūḍhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• मोह (móha)
• मुग्ध (mugdhá)
• मुह्यति (múhyati)

Descendants

• → Old Javanese: mūḍha
  • Javanese: ꦩꦸꦝ (mudha), ꦩꦸꦢ (muda)
    • → Malay: muda
      • > Indonesian: muda (inherited)
    • >? Malay: mudah
      • > Indonesian: mudah (inherited)
  • → Balinese: ᬫᬹᬥ (muda)
• Pali: mūḷha
• → Tamil: மூடன் (mūṭaṉ), மூடி (mūṭi) (< mūḍhī́)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मूढ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 825.