मज्जन्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• মজ্জন্ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬚ᭄ᬚᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
• মজ্জন্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰕𑰿𑰕𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• မဇ္ဇန် (Burmese script)
• મજ્જન્ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਜ੍ਜਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌜𑍍𑌜𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦗ꧀ꦗꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂔𑂹𑂔𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಜ್ಜೝ (Kannada script)
• មជ្ជន៑ (Khmer script)
• ມຊ຺ຊນ຺ (Lao script)
• മജ്ജന് (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠᡯᡯᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘕𑘿𑘕𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᠽᠽᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑦵𑧠𑦵𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐖𑑂𑐖𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
• ମଜ୍ଜନ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢙ꣄ꢙꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆘𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖕𑖿𑖕𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
• මජ‍්ජන් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩣 𑪙𑩣𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚑𑚶𑚑𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
• மஜ்ஜந் (Tamil script)
• మజ్జౝ (Telugu script)
• มชฺชนฺ (Thai script)
• མ་ཛྫ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨥𑩇𑨥𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mazǰʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰḗn. Compare English marrow, Russian мозг (mozg).

The Central New-Indo-Aryan descendants all have unusual vowels, reflecting *mejja or *mijja (perhaps undergoing usual Middle Indo-Aryan shortening of vowels before geminates). These may reflect a retention of the thorn cluster in the same way Sanskrit मेधा (medhā́, “wisdom”) preserves Proto-Indo-Iranian *mazdʰáH's cluster with compensatory lengthening.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐd.d͡ʑɐ́n/, [mɐd̚.d͡ʑɐ́n]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐd̪.d͡ʑɐn̪/, [ˈmɐd̪̚.d͡ʑɐn̪]

Noun

मज्जन् • (majján) stem, m

1. marrow (of the bones), pith

   Synonym: हड्डज (haḍḍaja)

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.68.9:

     बृह॒स्पति॒र् गोव॑पुषो व॒लस्य॒ निर् म॒ज्जानं॒ न पर्व॑णो जभार ॥

     bṛ́haspátir góvapuṣo valásya nír majjā́naṃ ná párvaṇo jabhāra.

     As if from a joint, Bṛhaspati took the marrow of Vala as he assumed the shape of a cow.

Declension

Masculine an-stem declension of मज्जन्

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मज्जा (majjā́)	मज्जानौ (majjā́nau) मज्जाना¹ (majjā́nā¹)	मज्जानः (majjā́naḥ)
vocative	मज्जन् (májjan)	मज्जानौ (májjānau) मज्जाना¹ (májjānā¹)	मज्जानः (májjānaḥ)
accusative	मज्जानम् (majjā́nam)	मज्जानौ (majjā́nau) मज्जाना¹ (majjā́nā¹)	मज्ज्ञः (majjñáḥ)
instrumental	मज्ज्ञा (majjñā́)	मज्जभ्याम् (majjábhyām)	मज्जभिः (majjábhiḥ)
dative	मज्ज्ञे (majjñé)	मज्जभ्याम् (majjábhyām)	मज्जभ्यः (majjábhyaḥ)
ablative	मज्ज्ञः (majjñáḥ)	मज्जभ्याम् (majjábhyām)	मज्जभ्यः (majjábhyaḥ)
genitive	मज्ज्ञः (majjñáḥ)	मज्ज्ञोः (majjñóḥ)	मज्ज्ञाम् (majjñā́m)
locative	मज्ज्ञि (majjñí) मज्जनि (majjáni) मज्जन्¹ (majján¹)	मज्ज्ञोः (majjñóḥ)	मज्जसु (majjásu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: [script needed] (mānũ)
  • Kalasha: [script needed] (muñ), [script needed] (bhrānz)
  • Khowar: مژ (muž)
• Pali: miñjā
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā), 𑀫𑀺𑀁𑀚𑀸 (miṃjā)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Hindustani: bhejā ("brain"), mā̃j ("matter, pus")

        Hindi: भेजा, माँज (“matter, pus”)

        Urdu: بھیجَہ (bheja), مَاںج (mā̃j)

  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Assamese: মজা (moza, “core, inner part”)
      • Bengali: মজ্জা (mojja), মাইজ (maij)
      • Odia: ମଞ୍ଜା (mañjā), ମଞ୍ଜ (mañja, “heartwood”)
  • Northwestern:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Takka Apabhramsa:
        • Punjabi: bhejā, mij, mañjā, mijjh, miñjh, bhejjā (“brain, marrow”)

          Gurmukhi script: ਭੇਜਾ, ਮਿਜ, ਮੰਜਾ, ਮਿੱਝ, ਮਿੰਝ, ਭੇੱਜਾ

          Shahmukhi script: بھیجَہ, مِج, مَنجَہ, مِجّھ, مِنجھ, بھیجّھَہ

          • Lahnda: مجھ (mìjh)
            • Saraiki: مِیڄ (mīǰ), مِجّ (mijj)
      • Vracada Apabhramsa:
        • Sindhi: mijā, majalo, maj̄ālo, mij̄a, miña, miñu

          Arabic script: مِجَه, مَجَلو, مَجَالو, مِڄَ, مِڃَ, مِڃُ

          Devanagari script: मिजा, मजलो, मॼालो, मिॼ, मिञ, मिञु

  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: މަދު (madu)
      • Sinhalese: මිදුළු (miduḷu)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Gujarati: ભેજું (bhejũ, “brain”), મીચ (mīc, “kernel”), મીઁજ (mīm̐j)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मज्जन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 773/2.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “majján”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press