भ्रम

See also: भ्रम्

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भ्रम (bhrama).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʱɾəm/, [bʱɾɐ̃m]

Noun

भ्रम • (bhram) m

1. misconception, mistaken view

   Synonyms: ग़लतफ़हमी (ġaltafahmī), वहम (vaham)

   भ्रम होना ― bhram honā ― to be mistaken

   भ्रम पैदा करना ― bhram paidā karnā ― to confuse

Declension

Declension of भ्रम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	भ्रम bhram	भ्रम bhram
oblique	भ्रम bhram	भ्रमों bhramõ
vocative	भ्रम bhram	भ्रमो bhramo

Derived terms

• भ्रमित (bhramit)
• भ्रामक (bhrāmak)
• दृष्टिभ्रम (dŕṣṭibhram)
• मतिभ्रम (matibhram)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “भ्रम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ভ্ৰম (Assamese script)
• ᬪ᭄ᬭᬫ (Balinese script)
• ভ্রম (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰿𑰨𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀪𑁆𑀭𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• ဘြမ (Burmese script)
• ભ્રમ (Gujarati script)
• ਭ੍ਰਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑍍𑌰𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦿꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂹𑂩𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಭ್ರಮ (Kannada script)
• ភ្រម (Khmer script)
• ຠ຺ຣມ (Lao script)
• ഭ്രമ (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᡵᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘿𑘨𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠷᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧠𑧈𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑑂𑐬𑐩 (Newa script)
• ଭ୍ରମ (Odia script)
• ꢩ꣄ꢬꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑇀𑆫𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖿𑖨𑖦 (Siddham script)
• භ්‍රම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳 𑪙𑩼𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚶𑚤𑚢 (Takri script)
• ப்⁴ரம (Tamil script)
• భ్రమ (Telugu script)
• ภฺรม (Thai script)
• བྷྲ་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑩇𑨫𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem-

Sanskrit भ्रम् (bhram)

Sanskrit -अ (-a)

Sanskrit भ्रम (bhrama)

From भ्रम् (bhram) + -अ (-a).

Noun

भ्रम • (bhrama) stem, m

1. wandering or roaming about, roving over or through (comp.) Kathās.
2. moving about, rolling (as of the eyes) Rājat.
3. turning round, revolving, rotation (acc. with √ दा = to swing) MBh. Sūryas. Hcat.
4. a whirling flame RV.
5. a whirlpool, eddy Prab.
6. a spring, fountain, watercourse L.
7. a potter's wheel Sāṃkhyak.
8. a grindstone
9. a gimlet or auger L.
10. a circle Āryabh.
11. giddiness, dizziness Suṡr.
12. confusion, perplexity, error, mistake (ifc. mistaking anything for) Hariv. Kāv. Rājat. &c.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भ्रम (bhrama)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भ्रमः bhramaḥ	भ्रमौ / भ्रमा¹ bhramau / bhramā¹	भ्रमाः / भ्रमासः¹ bhramāḥ / bhramāsaḥ¹
Vocative	भ्रम bhrama	भ्रमौ / भ्रमा¹ bhramau / bhramā¹	भ्रमाः / भ्रमासः¹ bhramāḥ / bhramāsaḥ¹
Accusative	भ्रमम् bhramam	भ्रमौ / भ्रमा¹ bhramau / bhramā¹	भ्रमान् bhramān
Instrumental	भ्रमेण bhrameṇa	भ्रमाभ्याम् bhramābhyām	भ्रमैः / भ्रमेभिः¹ bhramaiḥ / bhramebhiḥ¹
Dative	भ्रमाय bhramāya	भ्रमाभ्याम् bhramābhyām	भ्रमेभ्यः bhramebhyaḥ
Ablative	भ्रमात् bhramāt	भ्रमाभ्याम् bhramābhyām	भ्रमेभ्यः bhramebhyaḥ
Genitive	भ्रमस्य bhramasya	भ्रमयोः bhramayoḥ	भ्रमाणाम् bhramāṇām
Locative	भ्रमे bhrame	भ्रमयोः bhramayoḥ	भ्रमेषु bhrameṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫 (bhama, “wandering, error”)
  • Eastern:
    • Assamese: ভুৱা (bhua)
• → Punjabi: (semi-learned)

  Gurmukhi script: ਭਰਮ (bharam)

  Shahmukhi script: بھرم (bhram)

• → Tamil: பிரமை (piramai)
• → Hindi: भ्रम (bhram)
• → Hindustani: (semi-learned)
  • Hindi: भरम (bharam)
  • Urdu: بھرم (bharam)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “भ्रम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 769/3.