भोजन

See also: भाजन and भेजना

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भोजन (bhójana).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /bʱoː.d͡ʒən/, [bʱoː.d͡ʒɐ̃n]

Noun

भोजन • (bhojan) m

1. (formal) food

   Synonym: खाना (khānā)

Declension

Declension of भोजन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	भोजन bhojan	भोजन bhojan
oblique	भोजन bhojan	भोजनों bhojanõ
vocative	भोजन bhojan	भोजनो bhojano

Derived terms

• भोजन-शाला (bhojan-śālā)
• भोजन-सूची (bhojan-sūcī)
• भोजनालय (bhojnālay)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “भोजन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit भोजन (bhojana), through Old Marathi 𑘥𑘻𑘕𑘡 (bhojana).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʱo.d͡ʑən/

Noun

भोजन • (bhojan) m (literary, rare)

1. food
2. meal

Declension

Declension of भोजन (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	भोजन bhojan
direct plural	भोजन bhojan
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	भोजन bhojan		भोजन bhojan
oblique सामान्यरूप	भोजना bhojnā		भोजनां- bhojnān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	भोजनाला bhojnālā		भोजनांना bhojnānnā
ergative	भोजनाने, भोजनानं bhojnāne, bhojnāna		भोजनांनी bhojnānnī
instrumental	भोजनाशी bhojnāśī		भोजनांशी bhojnānśī
locative सप्तमी	भोजनात bhojnāt		भोजनांत bhojnāt
vocative संबोधन	भोजना bhojnā		भोजनांनो bhojnānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of भोजन (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	भोजनाचा bhojnāċā	भोजनाचे bhojnāċe	भोजनाची bhojnācī	भोजनाच्या bhojnācā	भोजनाचे, भोजनाचं bhojnāċe, bhojnāċa	भोजनाची bhojnācī	भोजनाच्या bhojnācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	भोजनांचा bhojnānċā	भोजनांचे bhojnānċe	भोजनांची bhojnāñcī	भोजनांच्या bhojnāncā	भोजनांचे, भोजनांचं bhojnānċe, bhojnānċa	भोजनांची bhojnāñcī	भोजनांच्या bhojnāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Synonyms

• जेवण (jevaṇ)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “भोजन”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• bhojana (Latin script)
• 𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ভোজন (Bengali script)
• භොජන (Sinhalese script)
• ဘောဇန or ꧤေႃၹၼ (Burmese script)
• โภชน or โภชะนะ (Thai script)
• ᨽᩮᩣᨩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂຠຊນ or ໂຠຊະນະ (Lao script)
• ភោជន (Khmer script)
• 𑄞𑄮𑄎𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

भोजन n

1. Devanagari script form of bhojana (“meal”)

Declension

Declension table of "भोजन" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Accusative (second)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Instrumental (third)	भोजनेन (bhojanena)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Dative (fourth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa) or भोजनाय (bhojanāya) or भोजनत्थं (bhojanatthaṃ)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भोजनस्मा (bhojanasmā) or भोजनम्हा (bhojanamhā) or भोजना (bhojanā)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भोजनस्मिं (bhojanasmiṃ) or भोजनम्हि (bhojanamhi) or भोजने (bhojane)	भोजनेसु (bhojanesu)
Vocative (calling)	भोजन (bhojana)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ভোজন (Assamese script)
• ᬪᭀᬚᬦ (Balinese script)
• ভোজন (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰺𑰕𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဘောဇန (Burmese script)
• ભોજન (Gujarati script)
• ਭੋਜਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑍋𑌜𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦺꦴꦗꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಭೋಜನ (Kannada script)
• ភោជន (Khmer script)
• ໂຠຊນ (Lao script)
• ഭോജന (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᠣᡯᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘻𑘕𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠣᠸᠠᠽᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧜𑦵𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑑀𑐖𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଭୋଜନ (Odia script)
• ꢩꣂꢙꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑆾𑆘𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖺𑖕𑖡 (Siddham script)
• භොජන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳𑩕𑩣𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚴𑚑𑚝 (Takri script)
• பே⁴ாஜந (Tamil script)
• భోజన (Telugu script)
• โภชน (Thai script)
• བྷོ་ཛ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑒼𑒖𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑨆𑨥𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root भुज् (bhuj) +‎ -अन (-ana), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to enjoy”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ́w.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bʱoː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Noun

भोजन • (bhójana) stem, n

1. the act of enjoying, using
2. the act of eating
3. a meal, food
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.13.4:

     प्र॒जाभ्य॑: पु॒ष्टिं वि॒भज॑न्त आसते र॒यिमि॑व पृ॒ष्ठं प्र॒भव॑न्तमाय॒ते।
     असि॑न्व॒न्दंष्ट्रै॑: पि॒तुर॑त्ति॒ भोज॑नं॒ यस्ताकृ॑णोः प्रथ॒मं सास्यु॒क्थ्य॑:॥

     prajā́bhya: puṣṭíṃ vibhájanta āsate rayímiva pṛṣṭháṃ prabhávantamāyaté.
     ásinvandáṃṣṭrai: pitúratti bhójanaṃ yástā́kṛṇoḥ prathamáṃ sā́syukthyà:.

     Dealing out food unto their people there they sit, like wealth to him who comes, more than the back can bear.
     Greedily with his teeth he eats the master's food.
     You (Indra) who did these things first are worthy of our praises.

4. anything enjoyed or used, property, possession
5. enjoyment, any object of enjoyment or the pleasure caused by it
6. the act of giving to eat, feeding
7. dressing food, cooking

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of भोजन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
vocative	भोजन (bhójana)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
accusative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
instrumental	भोजनेन (bhójanena)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोजनेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोजनाय (bhójanāya)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोजनात् (bhójanāt)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोजनस्य (bhójanasya)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनेषु (bhójaneṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Adjective

भोजन • (bhójana) stem

1. feeding, giving to eat (said of Shiva)
2. voracious

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोजन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोजनः (bhójanaḥ)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनाः (bhójanāḥ) भोजनासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
vocative	भोजन (bhójana)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनाः (bhójanāḥ) भोजनासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
accusative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनान् (bhójanān)
instrumental	भोजनेन (bhójanena)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोजनेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोजनाय (bhójanāya)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोजनात् (bhójanāt)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोजनस्य (bhójanasya)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनेषु (bhójaneṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of भोजनी

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोजनी (bhójanī)	भोजन्यौ (bhójanyau) भोजनी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोजन्यः (bhójanyaḥ) भोजनीः¹ (bhójanīḥ¹)
vocative	भोजनि (bhójani)	भोजन्यौ (bhójanyau) भोजनी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोजन्यः (bhójanyaḥ) भोजनीः¹ (bhójanīḥ¹)
accusative	भोजनीम् (bhójanīm)	भोजन्यौ (bhójanyau) भोजनी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोजनीः (bhójanīḥ)
instrumental	भोजन्या (bhójanyā)	भोजनीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोजनीभिः (bhójanībhiḥ)
dative	भोजन्यै (bhójanyai)	भोजनीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोजनीभ्यः (bhójanībhyaḥ)
ablative	भोजन्याः (bhójanyāḥ) भोजन्यै² (bhójanyai²)	भोजनीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोजनीभ्यः (bhójanībhyaḥ)
genitive	भोजन्याः (bhójanyāḥ) भोजन्यै² (bhójanyai²)	भोजन्योः (bhójanyoḥ)	भोजनीनाम् (bhójanīnām)
locative	भोजन्याम् (bhójanyām)	भोजन्योः (bhójanyoḥ)	भोजनीषु (bhójanīṣu)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of भोजन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
vocative	भोजन (bhójana)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
accusative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनानि (bhójanāni) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)
instrumental	भोजनेन (bhójanena)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोजनेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोजनाय (bhójanāya)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोजनात् (bhójanāt)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोजनस्य (bhójanasya)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनेषु (bhójaneṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Proper noun

भोजन • (bhójana) stem, m

1. name of a mountain

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोजन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोजनः (bhójanaḥ)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनाः (bhójanāḥ) भोजनासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
vocative	भोजन (bhójana)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनाः (bhójanāḥ) भोजनासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
accusative	भोजनम् (bhójanam)	भोजनौ (bhójanau) भोजना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोजनान् (bhójanān)
instrumental	भोजनेन (bhójanena)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोजनेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोजनाय (bhójanāya)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोजनात् (bhójanāt)	भोजनाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोजनेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोजनस्य (bhójanasya)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोजने (bhójane)	भोजनयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोजनेषु (bhójaneṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀪𑁄𑀅𑀡 (bhoaṇa)
  • → Kannada: ಬೋನ (bōna)
  • → Tamil: போனகம் (pōṉakam); போனம் (pōṉam)
  • → Telugu: బోనము (bōnamu)
  • → Tulu: ಬೋನ (bōna)
• Pali: bhojana
• → Hindi: भोजन (bhojan)
• → Kannada: ಭೋಜನ (bhōjana)
• → Tamil: போசனம் (pōcaṉam), போஜனம் (pōjaṉam)
• → Telugu: భోజనము (bhōjanamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “भोजन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 768/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 276