भर्तृ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ভৰ্তৃ (Assamese script)
• ᬪᬃᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
• ভর্তৃ (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰨𑰿𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀪𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
• ဘရ်္တၖ (Burmese script)
• ભર્તૃ (Gujarati script)
• ਭਰ੍ਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑌰𑍍𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦂꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂩𑂹𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
• ಭರ್ತೃ (Kannada script)
• ភត៌្ឫ (Khmer script)
• ຠຣ຺ຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
• ഭര്തൃ (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᠠᡵᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘨𑘿𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠠᠷᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧈𑧠𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑐬𑑂𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
• ଭର୍ତୃ (Odia script)
• ꢩꢬ꣄ꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑆫𑇀𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖨𑖿𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
• භර්‍තෘ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳𑩼 𑪙𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚤𑚶𑚙 (Takri script)
• ப⁴ர்த்ரி (Tamil script)
• భర్తృ (Telugu script)
• ภรฺตฺฤ (Thai script)
• བྷ་རྟྲྀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑒩𑓂𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑨫𑩇𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰártā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰártā (see below).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ́ɾ.tr̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bʱɐɾ.t̪r̩/

Noun

भर्तृ • (bhártṛ) stem, m (root भृ)

1. husband
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.58.7:

     प्रथिष्ट यामन्पृथिवी चिदेषां भर्तेव गर्भं स्वमिच्छवो धुः ।
     वातान्ह्यश्वान्धुर्यायुयुज्रे वर्षं स्वेदं चक्रिरे रुद्रियासः ॥

     prathiṣṭa yāmanpṛthivī cideṣāṃ bharteva garbhaṃ svamicchavo dhuḥ.
     vātānhyaśvāndhuryāyuyujre varṣaṃ svedaṃ cakrire rudriyāsaḥ.

     Even Earth hath spread herself wide at their coming, and they as husbands have with power impregned her.
     They to the pole have yoked the winds for coursers: their sweat have they made rain, these Sons of Rudra.

   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of भर्तृ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भर्ता (bhártā)	भर्तारौ (bhártārau) भर्तारा¹ (bhártārā¹)	भर्तारः (bhártāraḥ)
vocative	भर्तः (bhártaḥ)	भर्तारौ (bhártārau) भर्तारा¹ (bhártārā¹)	भर्तारः (bhártāraḥ)
accusative	भर्तारम् (bhártāram)	भर्तारौ (bhártārau) भर्तारा¹ (bhártārā¹)	भर्तॄन् (bhártṝn)
instrumental	भर्त्रा (bhártrā)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhártṛbhyām)	भर्तृभिः (bhártṛbhiḥ)
dative	भर्त्रे (bhártre)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhártṛbhyām)	भर्तृभ्यः (bhártṛbhyaḥ)
ablative	भर्तुः (bhártuḥ)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhártṛbhyām)	भर्तृभ्यः (bhártṛbhyaḥ)
genitive	भर्तुः (bhártuḥ)	भर्त्रोः (bhártroḥ)	भर्तॄणाम् (bhártṝṇām)
locative	भर्तरि (bhártari)	भर्त्रोः (bhártroḥ)	भर्तृषु (bhártṛṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Kalasha: berú
• Old Gujarati: भरतार (bharatāra)
  • Gujarati: ભરતાર (bhartār)
• Hindi: भतार (bhatār)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Assamese: ভতাৰ (bhotar)
  • Kamta: ভাতাৰ (bhatar)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhattu)
• Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘨𑘿𑘝𑘰𑘨 (bhartāra), 𑘥𑘰𑘝𑘰𑘨 (bhātāra)
• Pali: bhattar
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਭੱਤਾਰ (bhattār) (uncommon, poetic)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhattu)
• Sindhi: ڀَتَارُ / भतारु

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰartā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰartā́, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). Cognate with Latin fertor.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐɾ.tŕ̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bʱɐɾ.t̪r̩/

Noun

भर्तृ • (bhartṛ́) stem, m (root भृ)

1. bearer
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
2. preserver, nourisher, master
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

Declension

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of भर्तृ

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भर्ता (bhartā́)	भर्तारौ (bhartā́rau) भर्तारा¹ (bhartā́rā¹)	भर्तारः (bhartā́raḥ)
vocative	भर्तः (bhártaḥ)	भर्तारौ (bhártārau) भर्तारा¹ (bhártārā¹)	भर्तारः (bhártāraḥ)
accusative	भर्तारम् (bhartā́ram)	भर्तारौ (bhartā́rau) भर्तारा¹ (bhartā́rā¹)	भर्तॄन् (bhartṝ́n)
instrumental	भर्त्रा (bhartrā́)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhartṛ́bhyām)	भर्तृभिः (bhartṛ́bhiḥ)
dative	भर्त्रे (bhartré)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhartṛ́bhyām)	भर्तृभ्यः (bhartṛ́bhyaḥ)
ablative	भर्तुः (bhartúḥ)	भर्तृभ्याम् (bhartṛ́bhyām)	भर्तृभ्यः (bhartṛ́bhyaḥ)
genitive	भर्तुः (bhartúḥ)	भर्त्रोः (bhartróḥ)	भर्तॄणाम् (bhartṝṇā́m)
locative	भर्तरि (bhartári)	भर्त्रोः (bhartróḥ)	भर्तृषु (bhartṛ́ṣu)

• ¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “भर्तृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 748.