पूर्वाह्ण

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Karmadhāraya compound of पूर्व (pū́rva, “earlier”) +‎ अह्न (ahna, “day”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /puːɾ.ʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /puːɾˈʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ/

Noun

पूर्वाह्ण • (pūrvāhṇá) stem, m

earlier part of the day; morning, forenoon
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:प्रभात
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.11:
  स्त्रियं॑ दृ॒ष्ट्वाय॑ कित॒वं त॑तापा॒न्येषां॑ जा॒यां सुकृ॑तं च॒ योनि॑म् ।
  पू॒र्वा॒ह्णे अश्वा॑न्युयु॒जे हि ब॒भ्रून्त्सो अ॒ग्नेरन्ते॑ वृष॒लः प॑पाद ॥
  stríyaṃ dṛṣṭvā́ya kitaváṃ tatāpānyéṣāṃ jāyā́ṃ súkṛtaṃ ca yónim .
  pūrvāhṇé áśvānyuyujé hí babhrū́nsó agnéránte vṛṣaláḥ papāda .
  The gamester, having observed the happy wife and well-ordered home of others, suffers regret;
  He yokes the brown steeds in the forenoon, and at night the sinner lies down by the fire.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पूर्वाह्ण (pūrvāhṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पूर्वाह्णः pūrvāhṇáḥ	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pūrvāhṇaú / pūrvāhṇā́¹	पूर्वाह्णाः / पूर्वाह्णासः¹ pūrvāhṇā́ḥ / pūrvāhṇā́saḥ¹
Vocative	पूर्वाह्ण pū́rvāhṇa	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pū́rvāhṇau / pū́rvāhṇā¹	पूर्वाह्णाः / पूर्वाह्णासः¹ pū́rvāhṇāḥ / pū́rvāhṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पूर्वाह्णम् pūrvāhṇám	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pūrvāhṇaú / pūrvāhṇā́¹	पूर्वाह्णान् pūrvāhṇā́n
Instrumental	पूर्वाह्णेन pūrvāhṇéna	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णैः / पूर्वाह्णेभिः¹ pūrvāhṇaíḥ / pūrvāhṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	पूर्वाह्णाय pūrvāhṇā́ya	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	पूर्वाह्णात् pūrvāhṇā́t	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	पूर्वाह्णस्य pūrvāhṇásya	पूर्वाह्णयोः pūrvāhṇáyoḥ	पूर्वाह्णानाम् pūrvāhṇā́nām
Locative	पूर्वाह्णे pūrvāhṇé	पूर्वाह्णयोः pūrvāhṇáyoḥ	पूर्वाह्णेषु pūrvāhṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: pubbaṇha
Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀳 (puvvaṇha)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “पूर्वाह्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 644.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pūrvāhṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Arthur Berriedale Keith, Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1912) “pūrvāhṇa”, in Vedic index of names and subjects, volume 2, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. [Published for the Government of India], →OCLC, page 14