पूर्वाह्ण

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পূৰ্বাহ্ণ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬹᬃᬯᬵᬳ᭄ᬡ (Balinese script)
• পূর্বাহ্ণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰪𑰯𑰮𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• ပူရွာဟ္ဏ (Burmese script)
• પૂર્વાહ્ણ (Gujarati script)
• ਪੂਰ੍ਵਾਹ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌵𑌾𑌹𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦹꦂꦮꦴꦲ꧀ꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂫𑂰𑂯𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೂರ್ವಾಹ್ಣ (Kannada script)
• បូវ៌ាហ្ណ (Khmer script)
• ປູຣ຺ວາຫ຺ຓ (Lao script)
• പൂര്വാഹ്ണ (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡠᡠᡵᠣᠸᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡥᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘪𑘰𑘮𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠤᠤᠷᢦ᠎ᠠᠾᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧕𑧈𑧠𑧊𑧑𑧎𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐴𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
• ପୂର୍ଵାହ୍ଣ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢹꢬ꣄ꢮꢵꢲ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆮𑆳𑆲𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖪𑖯𑖮𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
• පූර්‍වාහ‍්ණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩾𑩛𑪂 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚩𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
• பூர்வாஹ்ண (Tamil script)
• పూర్వాహ్ణ (Telugu script)
• ปูรฺวาหฺณ (Thai script)
• པཱུ་རྭཱ་ཧྞ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒫𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨭𑨊𑨱𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Karmadhāraya compound of पूर्व (pū́rva, “earlier”) +‎ अह्न (ahna, “day”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /puːɾ.ʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /puːɾˈʋɑːɦ.ɳɐ/

Noun

पूर्वाह्ण • (pūrvāhṇá) stem, m

1. earlier part of the day; morning, forenoon

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:प्रभात

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.11:

     स्त्रियं॑ दृ॒ष्ट्वाय॑ कित॒वं त॑तापा॒न्येषां॑ जा॒यां सुकृ॑तं च॒ योनि॑म् ।
     पू॒र्वा॒ह्णे अश्वा॑न्युयु॒जे हि ब॒भ्रून्त्सो अ॒ग्नेरन्ते॑ वृष॒लः प॑पाद ॥

     stríyaṃ dṛṣṭvā́ya kitaváṃ tatāpānyéṣāṃ jāyā́ṃ súkṛtaṃ ca yónim .
     pūrvāhṇé áśvānyuyujé hí babhrū́nsó agnéránte vṛṣaláḥ papāda .

     The gamester, having observed the happy wife and well-ordered home of others, suffers regret;
     He yokes the brown steeds in the forenoon, and at night the sinner lies down by the fire.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पूर्वाह्ण (pūrvāhṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पूर्वाह्णः pūrvāhṇáḥ	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pūrvāhṇaú / pūrvāhṇā́¹	पूर्वाह्णाः / पूर्वाह्णासः¹ pūrvāhṇā́ḥ / pūrvāhṇā́saḥ¹
Vocative	पूर्वाह्ण pū́rvāhṇa	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pū́rvāhṇau / pū́rvāhṇā¹	पूर्वाह्णाः / पूर्वाह्णासः¹ pū́rvāhṇāḥ / pū́rvāhṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पूर्वाह्णम् pūrvāhṇám	पूर्वाह्णौ / पूर्वाह्णा¹ pūrvāhṇaú / pūrvāhṇā́¹	पूर्वाह्णान् pūrvāhṇā́n
Instrumental	पूर्वाह्णेन pūrvāhṇéna	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णैः / पूर्वाह्णेभिः¹ pūrvāhṇaíḥ / pūrvāhṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	पूर्वाह्णाय pūrvāhṇā́ya	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	पूर्वाह्णात् pūrvāhṇā́t	पूर्वाह्णाभ्याम् pūrvāhṇā́bhyām	पूर्वाह्णेभ्यः pūrvāhṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	पूर्वाह्णस्य pūrvāhṇásya	पूर्वाह्णयोः pūrvāhṇáyoḥ	पूर्वाह्णानाम् pūrvāhṇā́nām
Locative	पूर्वाह्णे pūrvāhṇé	पूर्वाह्णयोः pūrvāhṇáyoḥ	पूर्वाह्णेषु pūrvāhṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pubbaṇha
• Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀳 (puvvaṇha)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पूर्वाह्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 644.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pūrvāhṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Arthur Berriedale Keith, Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1912) “pūrvāhṇa”, in Vedic index of names and subjects, volume 2, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. [Published for the Government of India], →OCLC, page 14