पूर्णमास

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hná-mā́Has ~ *pr̥Hná-mā́Hasas (“full moon”). Compare Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬋-𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬀 (pər^ənō-måŋha, “full moon”), Middle Persian pwrm՚ẖ (purrmāh, “full moon”). See also पूर्णमास् (pūrṇamās), attested in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa. Equivalent to पूर्ण (pūrṇa, “full”) +‎ मास (māsa, “moon”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /puːɾ.ɳɐ́.mɑː.sɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /puːɾ.ɳɐˈmɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

पूर्णमास • (pūrṇámāsa) stem, m

full moon; the day or night of the full moon
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.5.2.5:
  तस्माद् वार्त्रघ्नी पूर्णमासे ऽनूच्येते वृधन्वती अमावास्यायाम् ।
  tasmād vārtraghnī pūrṇamāse ʼnūcyete vṛdhanvatī amāvāsyāyām.
  Therefore, verses are uttered at the full moon referring to the slaying of Vrtra, [and] at the new moon referring to his growth.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पूर्णमास (pūrṇámāsa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पूर्णमासः pūrṇámāsaḥ	पूर्णमासौ / पूर्णमासा¹ pūrṇámāsau / pūrṇámāsā¹	पूर्णमासाः / पूर्णमासासः¹ pūrṇámāsāḥ / pūrṇámāsāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पूर्णमास pū́rṇamāsa	पूर्णमासौ / पूर्णमासा¹ pū́rṇamāsau / pū́rṇamāsā¹	पूर्णमासाः / पूर्णमासासः¹ pū́rṇamāsāḥ / pū́rṇamāsāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पूर्णमासम् pūrṇámāsam	पूर्णमासौ / पूर्णमासा¹ pūrṇámāsau / pūrṇámāsā¹	पूर्णमासान् pūrṇámāsān
Instrumental	पूर्णमासेन pūrṇámāsena	पूर्णमासाभ्याम् pūrṇámāsābhyām	पूर्णमासैः / पूर्णमासेभिः¹ pūrṇámāsaiḥ / pūrṇámāsebhiḥ¹
Dative	पूर्णमासाय pūrṇámāsāya	पूर्णमासाभ्याम् pūrṇámāsābhyām	पूर्णमासेभ्यः pūrṇámāsebhyaḥ
Ablative	पूर्णमासात् pūrṇámāsāt	पूर्णमासाभ्याम् pūrṇámāsābhyām	पूर्णमासेभ्यः pūrṇámāsebhyaḥ
Genitive	पूर्णमासस्य pūrṇámāsasya	पूर्णमासयोः pūrṇámāsayoḥ	पूर्णमासानाम् pūrṇámāsānām
Locative	पूर्णमासे pūrṇámāse	पूर्णमासयोः pūrṇámāsayoḥ	पूर्णमासेषु pūrṇámāseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: puṇṇamāse (“on the full moon day”, locative)
Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀻 (puṇṇamāsī), 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀲𑀻 (puṇṇimasī)