पञ्चनद

Sanskrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe

Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča

Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan)

Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca)

Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadabor.?

Sanskrit नद (nada)

Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada)

Compound of पञ्च (pañca, “five”) +‎ नद (nada, “river”).

Proper noun

पञ्चनद • (pañcanada) stem, m

1. Punjab (a geographical region of South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.)

Descendants

• → Ancient Greek: Πενταποταμία (Pentapotamía) (calque)
• → Bengali: পঞ্চনদ (ponconod)
• → Classical Persian: پَنْجَاب (panjāb) (calque) (see there for further descendants)
• → Hindi: पंचनद (pañcnad)
• → Punjabi: ਪੰਚਨਦ (pañcnad), ਪੰਜਨਦ (pañjnad)

References

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “पञ्चनद”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 951
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pañcanada”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.