द्यूत
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
- দ্যূত (Assamese script)
- ᬤ᭄ᬬᬹᬢ (Balinese script)
- দ্যূত (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰿𑰧𑰳𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑁆𑀬𑀽𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ဒျူတ (Burmese script)
- દ્યૂત (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਯੂਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍍𑌯𑍂𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦾꦹꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂹𑂨𑂴𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ದ್ಯೂತ (Kannada script)
- ទ្យូត (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຍູຕ (Lao script)
- ദ്യൂത (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᠶᡠᡠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘿𑘧𑘴𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠶ᠋ᠤᠤᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧠𑧇𑧕𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑑂𑐫𑐹𑐟 (Newa script)
- ଦ୍ଯୂତ (Odia script)
- ꢣ꣄ꢫꢹꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑇀𑆪𑆷𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖿𑖧𑖳𑖝 (Siddham script)
- ද්යූත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭 𑪙𑩻𑩒𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚶𑚣𑚱𑚙 (Takri script)
- த்³யூத (Tamil script)
- ద్యూత (Telugu script)
- ทฺยูต (Thai script)
- དྱཱུ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒴𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑩇𑨪𑨃𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyuH- (“to endeavour”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬛𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬍 (ādīuuiieiṇtī, “to endeavour”), Ossetian ӕндеун (ændewn), ӕндиуын (ændiwyn, “to dare”). Also compare दीव् (dī́v, “gambling, game of dice”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]द्यूत • (dyūtá) stem, n
- gambling, game of dice
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 12.3.46:
- सत्याय च तपसे देवताभ्यो निधिं शेवधिं परि दद्म एतम् ।
मा नो द्यूतेऽव गान् मा समित्यां मा स्मान्यस्मा उत्सृजता पुरा मत्॥- satyāya ca tapase devatābhyo nidhiṃ śevadhiṃ pari dadma etam.
mā no dyūteʼva gān mā samityāṃ mā smānyasmā utsṛjatā purā mat. - To Deities, to Truth, to holy Fervour this treasure we consign, this rich deposit,
At the game of dice, in meeting led it not desert us, never give out to anyone besides me.
- satyāya ca tapase devatābhyo nidhiṃ śevadhiṃ pari dadma etam.
- सत्याय च तपसे देवताभ्यो निधिं शेवधिं परि दद्म एतम् ।
- play, gaming
- contest; battle or fight for
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | द्यूतम् (dyūtám) | द्यूते (dyūté) | द्यूतानि (dyūtā́ni) द्यूता¹ (dyūtā́¹) |
| vocative | द्यूत (dyū́ta) | द्यूते (dyū́te) | द्यूतानि (dyū́tāni) द्यूता¹ (dyū́tā¹) |
| accusative | द्यूतम् (dyūtám) | द्यूते (dyūté) | द्यूतानि (dyūtā́ni) द्यूता¹ (dyūtā́¹) |
| instrumental | द्यूतेन (dyūténa) | द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) | द्यूतैः (dyūtaíḥ) द्यूतेभिः¹ (dyūtébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | द्यूताय (dyūtā́ya) | द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) | द्यूतेभ्यः (dyūtébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | द्यूतात् (dyūtā́t) | द्यूताभ्याम् (dyūtā́bhyām) | द्यूतेभ्यः (dyūtébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | द्यूतस्य (dyūtásya) | द्यूतयोः (dyūtáyoḥ) | द्यूतानाम् (dyūtā́nām) |
| locative | द्यूते (dyūté) | द्यूतयोः (dyūtáyoḥ) | द्यूतेषु (dyūtéṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
[edit]- Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀚𑀽𑀅 (*jūa)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀽𑀯 (jūva)
- Pali: jūta
- Paisaci Prakrit: (jūa?)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀽𑀤 (jūda), 𑀚𑀽𑀅 (jūa)
References
[edit]- Apte, Macdonell (2022) “द्यूत”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Sanskrit Dictionaries]