दृळ्ह
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- दृढ (dṛḍha)
Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- দৃল়্হ (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬺळ᭄ᬳ (Balinese script)
- দৃল়্হ (Bengali script)
- 𑀤𑀾𑀴𑁆𑀳 (Brahmi script)
- ဒၖဠှ (Burmese script)
- દૃળ્હ (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਰਲ਼੍ਹ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍃𑌳𑍍𑌹 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦽळ꧀ꦲ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑃂𑂹𑂯 (Kaithi script)
- ದೃಳ್ಹ (Kannada script)
- ទ្ឫឡ្ហ (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຣິຬ຺ຫ (Lao script)
- ദൃള്ഹ (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡵᡳळ्ᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘵𑘯𑘿𑘮 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠷᠢळ्ᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧖𑧏𑧠𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐺ळ𑑂𑐴 (Newa script)
- ଦୃଳ୍ହ (Odia script)
- ꢣꢺꢳ꣄ꢲ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆸𑆭𑇀𑆲 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖴ळ𑖿𑖮 (Siddham script)
- දෘළ්හ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩙ळ 𑪙𑪂 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚶𑚩 (Takri script)
- த்³ரிள்ஹ (Tamil script)
- దృళ్హ (Telugu script)
- ทฺฤฬฺห (Thai script)
- དྲྀळྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒵𑒪𑓃𑓂𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨼𑨉ळ𑩇𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dr̥ẓḍʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰr̥ždʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr̥ǵʰtós (“strong, firm, hard”), from *dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm, strong, tough, hard”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic дръжати (drŭžati, “to hold”), Lithuanian dir̃žti (“to harden, become tough”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (darəzaiieiti, “to attach”), English dry. The Sanskrit root is दृह् (dṛh) or दृंह् (dṛṃh).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]दृळ्ह • (dṛḷhá) stem
- (Rigvedic) fixed, firm, hard, strong, solid, massive
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.31.2:
- त्वद्भियेन्द्र पार्थिवानि विश्वाच्युता चिच्च्यावयन्ते रजांसि ।
द्यावाक्षामा पर्वतासो वनानि विश्वं दृळ्हं भयते अज्मन्ना ते ॥- tvadbhiyendra pārthivāni viśvācyutā ciccyāvayante rajāṃsi.
dyāvākṣāmā parvatāso vanāni viśvaṃ dṛḷhaṃ bhayate ajmannā te. - Through fear of thee, O Indra, all the regions of earth, though naught may move them, shake and tremble.
All that is firm is frightened at thy coming, -the earth, the heaven, the mountain, and the forest.
- tvadbhiyendra pārthivāni viśvācyutā ciccyāvayante rajāṃsi.
- त्वद्भियेन्द्र पार्थिवानि विश्वाच्युता चिच्च्यावयन्ते रजांसि ।
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of दृळ्ह (dṛḷhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दृळ्हः dṛḷháḥ |
दृळ्हौ / दृळ्हा¹ dṛḷhaú / dṛḷhā́¹ |
दृळ्हाः / दृळ्हासः¹ dṛḷhā́ḥ / dṛḷhā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | दृळ्ह dṛ́ḷha |
दृळ्हौ / दृळ्हा¹ dṛ́ḷhau / dṛ́ḷhā¹ |
दृळ्हाः / दृळ्हासः¹ dṛ́ḷhāḥ / dṛ́ḷhāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | दृळ्हम् dṛḷhám |
दृळ्हौ / दृळ्हा¹ dṛḷhaú / dṛḷhā́¹ |
दृळ्हान् dṛḷhā́n |
Instrumental | दृळ्हेण dṛḷhéṇa |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हैः / दृळ्हेभिः¹ dṛḷhaíḥ / dṛḷhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दृळ्हाय dṛḷhā́ya |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हेभ्यः dṛḷhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | दृळ्हात् dṛḷhā́t |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हेभ्यः dṛḷhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | दृळ्हस्य dṛḷhásya |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हाणाम् dṛḷhā́ṇām |
Locative | दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हेषु dṛḷhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of दृळ्हा (dṛḷhā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दृळ्हा dṛḷhā́ |
दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हाः dṛḷhā́ḥ |
Vocative | दृळ्हे dṛ́ḷhe |
दृळ्हे dṛ́ḷhe |
दृळ्हाः dṛ́ḷhāḥ |
Accusative | दृळ्हाम् dṛḷhā́m |
दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हाः dṛḷhā́ḥ |
Instrumental | दृळ्हया / दृळ्हा¹ dṛḷháyā / dṛḷhā́¹ |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हाभिः dṛḷhā́bhiḥ |
Dative | दृळ्हायै dṛḷhā́yai |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हाभ्यः dṛḷhā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | दृळ्हायाः / दृळ्हायै² dṛḷhā́yāḥ / dṛḷhā́yai² |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हाभ्यः dṛḷhā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | दृळ्हायाः / दृळ्हायै² dṛḷhā́yāḥ / dṛḷhā́yai² |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हाणाम् dṛḷhā́ṇām |
Locative | दृळ्हायाम् dṛḷhā́yām |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हासु dṛḷhā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of दृळ्ह (dṛḷhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दृळ्हम् dṛḷhám |
दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हाणि / दृळ्हा¹ dṛḷhā́ṇi / dṛḷhā́¹ |
Vocative | दृळ्ह dṛ́ḷha |
दृळ्हे dṛ́ḷhe |
दृळ्हाणि / दृळ्हा¹ dṛ́ḷhāṇi / dṛ́ḷhā¹ |
Accusative | दृळ्हम् dṛḷhám |
दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हाणि / दृळ्हा¹ dṛḷhā́ṇi / dṛḷhā́¹ |
Instrumental | दृळ्हेण dṛḷhéṇa |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हैः / दृळ्हेभिः¹ dṛḷhaíḥ / dṛḷhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दृळ्हाय dṛḷhā́ya |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हेभ्यः dṛḷhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | दृळ्हात् dṛḷhā́t |
दृळ्हाभ्याम् dṛḷhā́bhyām |
दृळ्हेभ्यः dṛḷhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | दृळ्हस्य dṛḷhásya |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हाणाम् dṛḷhā́ṇām |
Locative | दृळ्हे dṛḷhé |
दृळ्हयोः dṛḷháyoḥ |
दृळ्हेषु dṛḷhéṣu |
Notes |
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Descendants
[edit]Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Rigvedic Sanskrit
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives