तरंग

See also: तुरग

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀭𑀁𑀕 (taraṃga), from Sanskrit तरंग (taraṃga, “wave”), probably also with influence from the Sanskrit form.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪ə.ɾəŋɡ/, [t̪ɐ.ɾɐ̃ŋɡ]
• Hyphenation: त‧रंग
• Rhymes: -ə̃ŋɡ

Noun

तरंग • (taraṅg) f (Urdu spelling ترنگ)

1. wave, ripple
2. (sciences) wave
3. (figurative) caprice, impulse

Declension

Declension of तरंग (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	तरंग taraṅg	तरंगें taraṅgẽ
oblique	तरंग taraṅg	तरंगों taraṅgõ
vocative	तरंग taraṅg	तरंगो taraṅgo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “तरंग”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “taraṅga”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀢𑀭𑀁𑀕 (taraṃga), from Sanskrit तरंग (taraṃga, “wave”), probably also with influence from the Sanskrit form. Related to तरंगणे (taraṅgaṇe, “to float”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ə.ɾəŋ.ɡə/
• Hyphenation: त‧रङ्‧ग, त‧रंग
• Rhymes: -ə

Noun

तरंग • (taraṅga) m

1. (sciences) wave

   Synonym: लाट (lāṭ)

Declension

Declension of तरंग (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	तरंग taraṅga
direct plural	तरंग taraṅga
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	तरंग taraṅga		तरंग taraṅga
oblique सामान्यरूप	तरंगा taraṅgā		तरंगां- taraṅgān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	तरंगाला taraṅgālā		तरंगांना taraṅgānnā
ergative	तरंगाने, तरंगानं taraṅgāne, taraṅgāna		तरंगांनी taraṅgānnī
instrumental	तरंगाशी taraṅgāśī		तरंगांशी taraṅgānśī
locative सप्तमी	तरंगात taraṅgāt		तरंगांत taraṅgāt
vocative संबोधन	तरंगा taraṅgā		तरंगांनो taraṅgānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of तरंग (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	तरंगाचा taraṅgāċā	तरंगाचे taraṅgāċe	तरंगाची taraṅgācī	तरंगाच्या taraṅgācā	तरंगाचे, तरंगाचं taraṅgāċe, taraṅgāċa	तरंगाची taraṅgācī	तरंगाच्या taraṅgācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	तरंगांचा taraṅgānċā	तरंगांचे taraṅgānċe	तरंगांची taraṅgāñcī	तरंगांच्या taraṅgāncā	तरंगांचे, तरंगांचं taraṅgānċe, taraṅgānċa	तरंगांची taraṅgāñcī	तरंगांच्या taraṅgāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “तरंग”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तरङ्ग (taraṅga).

Adverb

तरंग • (taraṃga)

1. moving to and fro, galloping

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তৰংগ (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬭᬂᬕ (Balinese script)
• তরংগ (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰨𑰽𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀭𑀁𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• တရံဂ (Burmese script)
• તરંગ (Gujarati script)
• ਤਰਂਗ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌰𑌂𑌗 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦫꦁꦒ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂩𑂁𑂏 (Kaithi script)
• ತರಂಗ (Kannada script)
• តរំគ (Khmer script)
• ຕຣໍຄ (Lao script)
• തരംഗ (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠᢀ᠋ᡵᠠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘨𑘽𑘐 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠ᠋ᢀ᠋ᠷᠠᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧈𑧞𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐬𑑄𑐐 (Newa script)
• ତରଂଗ (Odia script)
• ꢡꢬꢀꢔ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆫𑆁𑆓 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖨𑖽𑖐 (Siddham script)
• තරංග (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩼𑪖𑩞 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚤𑚫𑚌 (Takri script)
• தரஂக³ (Tamil script)
• తరంగ (Telugu script)
• ตรํค (Thai script)
• ཏ་རཾ་ག (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒩𑓀𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨫𑨸𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Probably derived from तॄ (tṝ, “to pass”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐ.ɾɐŋ.ɡɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɐˈɾɐŋ.ɡɐ/

Noun

तरंग • (taraṃga) stem, m

1. a wave, billow (a "through-goer")
2. surf
3. a section of a literary work that contains in its name a word like ‘sea’ or ‘river’
4. a jumping motion, gallop, waving about, moving to and fro
5. cloth, clothes

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of तरंग
Nom. sg.	तरंगः (taraṃgaḥ)
Gen. sg.	तरंगस्य (taraṃgasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तरंगः (taraṃgaḥ)	तरंगौ (taraṃgau)	तरंगाः (taraṃgāḥ)
Vocative	तरंग (taraṃga)	तरंगौ (taraṃgau)	तरंगाः (taraṃgāḥ)
Accusative	तरंगम् (taraṃgam)	तरंगौ (taraṃgau)	तरंगान् (taraṃgān)
Instrumental	तरंगेन (taraṃgena)	तरंगाभ्याम् (taraṃgābhyām)	तरंगैः (taraṃgaiḥ)
Dative	तरंगाय (taraṃgāya)	तरंगाभ्याम् (taraṃgābhyām)	तरंगेभ्यः (taraṃgebhyaḥ)
Ablative	तरंगात् (taraṃgāt)	तरंगाभ्याम् (taraṃgābhyām)	तरंगेभ्यः (taraṃgebhyaḥ)
Genitive	तरंगस्य (taraṃgasya)	तरंगयोः (taraṃgayoḥ)	तरंगानाम् (taraṃgānām)
Locative	तरंगे (taraṃge)	तरंगयोः (taraṃgayoḥ)	तरंगेषु (taraṃgeṣu)

Root

तरंग • (taraṃga)

1. (nominal verb) to move like a billow, wave about, move restlessly to and fro

Derived terms

• तरंगति (taraṃgati)
• तरंग्यमाण (taraṃgyamāṇa)

Descendants

• → Hindi: तरंग (taraṅg)
• → Malayalam: തരംഗം (taraṅgaṁ)
• → Marathi: taraṅga

  Devanagari script: तरंग

  Modi script: 𑘝𑘨𑘽𑘐

• → Tamil: தரங்கம் (taraṅkam)
• → Telugu: తరంగము (taraṅgamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तरंग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 438/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 236