ग्रावन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গ্ৰাৱন্ (Assamese script)
• ᬕ᭄ᬭᬵᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
• গ্রাবন্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဂြာဝန် (Burmese script)
• ગ્રાવન્ (Gujarati script)
• ਗ੍ਰਾਵਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦿꦴꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂫𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಗ್ರಾವೝ (Kannada script)
• គ្រាវន៑ (Khmer script)
• ຄ຺ຣາວນ຺ (Lao script)
• ഗ്രാവന് (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠷᠠᢗᠸᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧠𑧈𑧑𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଗ୍ରାଵନ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢔ꣄ꢬꢵꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ග්‍රාවන් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩾𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚦𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
• க்³ராவந் (Tamil script)
• గ్రావౝ (Telugu script)
• คฺราวนฺ (Thai script)
• གྲཱ་ཝ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨭𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂wō (“heavy stone”). Cognate with English quern, Old Irish brao.

It has been suggested that the word used in the Rigveda is unrelated to the sense "stone" and rather refers to a human person, meaning "praiser, singer", possibly deriving from the root गॄ (gṝ).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɾɑ́ː.ʋɐn/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɑː.ʋɐn̪/

Noun

ग्रावन् • (grā́van) stem, m

1. (Rigvedic) (traditional translation) a stone for pressing out the Soma juice
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.11:

     दू॒रमि॑त पणयो॒ वरी॑य॒ उद्गावो॑ यन्तु मिन॒तीॠ॒तेन॑।
     बृह॒स्पति॒र्या अवि॑न्द॒न्निगू॑ळ्हा॒: सोमो॒ ग्रावा॑ण॒ ऋष॑यश्च॒ विप्रा॑:॥

     dūrámita paṇayo várīya údgā́vo yantu minatī́ṝténa.
     bṛ́haspátiryā́ ávindannígūḷhā: sómo grā́vāṇa ṛ́ṣayaśca víprā:.

     Hence, far away, ye Paṇis! Let the cattle lowing come forth as holy Law commandeth,
     Kine which Brihaspati, and Soma, ṛsis, sages, and pressing-stones have found when hidden.

2. (Rigvedic) (proposed modern translation) praiser, singer
3. a stone or rock
4. a mountain
5. a cloud

Declension

Masculine an-stem declension of ग्रावन् (grā́van)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ग्रावा grā́vā	ग्रावाणौ / ग्रावाणा¹ grā́vāṇau / grā́vāṇā¹	ग्रावाणः grā́vāṇaḥ
Vocative	ग्रावन् grā́van	ग्रावाणौ / ग्रावाणा¹ grā́vāṇau / grā́vāṇā¹	ग्रावाणः grā́vāṇaḥ
Accusative	ग्रावाणम् grā́vāṇam	ग्रावाणौ / ग्रावाणा¹ grā́vāṇau / grā́vāṇā¹	ग्रौणः graúṇaḥ
Instrumental	ग्रौणा graúṇā	ग्रावभ्याम् grā́vabhyām	ग्रावभिः grā́vabhiḥ
Dative	ग्रौणे graúṇe	ग्रावभ्याम् grā́vabhyām	ग्रावभ्यः grā́vabhyaḥ
Ablative	ग्रौणः graúṇaḥ	ग्रावभ्याम् grā́vabhyām	ग्रावभ्यः grā́vabhyaḥ
Genitive	ग्रौणः graúṇaḥ	ग्रौणोः graúṇoḥ	ग्रौणाम् graúṇām
Locative	ग्रौणि / ग्रावणि / ग्रावन्¹ graúṇi / grā́vaṇi / grā́van¹	ग्रौणोः graúṇoḥ	ग्रावसु grā́vasu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Odia: ଗ୍ରାବ (grāba)
• Tamil: கிராவணம் (kirāvaṇam), சிராவணம் (cirāvaṇam)
• Telugu: గ్రావము (grāvamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “ग्रावन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374, column 1.