गर्व

See also: गौरव, ग्रीवा, and गर्भ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गर्व (garva).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡəɾʋ/, [ɡɐɾʋ]

Noun

गर्व • (garv) m

Declension

Declension of गर्व (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	गर्व garv	गर्व garv
oblique	गर्व garv	गर्वों garvõ
vocative	गर्व garv	गर्वो garvo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গৰ্ব (Assamese script)
ᬕᬃᬯ (Balinese script)
গর্ব (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰨𑰿𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀯 (Brahmi script)
ဂရွ (Burmese script)
ગર્વ (Gujarati script)
ਗਰ੍ਵ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌰𑍍𑌵 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦂꦮ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂩𑂹𑂫 (Kaithi script)
ಗರ್ವ (Kannada script)
គវ៌ (Khmer script)
ຄຣ຺ວ (Lao script)
ഗര്വ (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠᡵᠣᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘪 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᠷᢦ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧈𑧠𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐰 (Newa script)
ଗର୍ଵ (Odia script)
ꢔꢬ꣄ꢮ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆫𑇀𑆮 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖨𑖿𑖪 (Siddham script)
ගර්‍ව (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩼 𑪙𑩾 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚤𑚶𑚦 (Takri script)
க³ர்வ (Tamil script)
గర్వ (Telugu script)
ครฺว (Thai script)
ག་རྭ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒩𑓂𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨫𑩇𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Probably related to गुरु (guru), as well as to Tocharian B śarwarñe (“arrogance”) and Sogdian [script needed] (ywr'k, “arrogant”). The root गर्व् (garv, “to be or become proud or haughty”) is perhaps a denominal form of the word.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɾ.ʋɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɾ.ʋɐ/

Noun

गर्व • (garva) stem, m

pride, arrogance, haughtiness
Synonym: अहंकार (ahaṃkāra)
(drama) proud speech

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गर्व
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गर्वः (garvaḥ)	गर्वौ (garvau) गर्वा¹ (garvā¹)	गर्वाः (garvāḥ) गर्वासः¹ (garvāsaḥ¹)
vocative	गर्व (garva)	गर्वौ (garvau) गर्वा¹ (garvā¹)	गर्वाः (garvāḥ) गर्वासः¹ (garvāsaḥ¹)
accusative	गर्वम् (garvam)	गर्वौ (garvau) गर्वा¹ (garvā¹)	गर्वान् (garvān)
instrumental	गर्वेण (garveṇa)	गर्वाभ्याम् (garvābhyām)	गर्वैः (garvaiḥ) गर्वेभिः¹ (garvebhiḥ¹)
dative	गर्वाय (garvāya)	गर्वाभ्याम् (garvābhyām)	गर्वेभ्यः (garvebhyaḥ)
ablative	गर्वात् (garvāt)	गर्वाभ्याम् (garvābhyām)	गर्वेभ्यः (garvebhyaḥ)
genitive	गर्वस्य (garvasya)	गर्वयोः (garvayoḥ)	गर्वाणाम् (garvāṇām)
locative	गर्वे (garve)	गर्वयोः (garvayoḥ)	गर्वेषु (garveṣu)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: gabba
→ Hindi: गर्व (garv) (learned)
→ Kannada: ಗರ್ವ (garva) (learned)
→ Old Javanese: garwa
- Javanese: ꦒꦂꦮ (garwa)
→ Tamil: கர்வம் (karvam) (learned)
→ Telugu: గర్వము (garvamu) (learned)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “गर्व”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 350, column 2.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 329
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “217”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press