कार्दम
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Hindi
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- কাৰ্দম (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬵᬃᬤᬫ (Balinese script)
- কার্দম (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰯𑰨𑰿𑰟𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁆𑀤𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- ကာရ်္ဒမ (Burmese script)
- કાર્દમ (Gujarati script)
- ਕਾਰ੍ਦਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌾𑌰𑍍𑌦𑌮 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦴꦂꦢꦩ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂰𑂩𑂹𑂠𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- ಕಾರ್ದಮ (Kannada script)
- កាទ៌ម (Khmer script)
- ກາຣ຺ທມ (Lao script)
- കാര്ദമ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᡩᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘰𑘨𑘿𑘟𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᢗᠷᢑᠠᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧑𑧈𑧠𑦿𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐡𑐩 (Newa script)
- କାର୍ଦମ (Odia script)
- ꢒꢵꢬ꣄ꢣꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆳𑆫𑇀𑆢𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖯𑖨𑖿𑖟𑖦 (Siddham script)
- කාර්දම (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩭𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚭𑚤𑚶𑚛𑚢 (Takri script)
- கார்த³ம (Tamil script)
- కార్దమ (Telugu script)
- การฺทม (Thai script)
- ཀཱ་རྡ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑓂𑒠𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨛𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Vṛddhi derivative of कर्दम (kardama, “mud, dirt; Prajapati Kardama”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ˈkɑːɾ.d̪ɐ.mɐ/
Adjective
[edit]कार्दम • (kārdama) stem (Classical Sanskrit)
- muddy (covered with or full of mud)
- Synonyms: कर्दमित (kardamita), कार्दमिक (kārdamika), सजम्बाल (sajambāla), पङ्कमय (paṅkamaya), पङ्कवत् (paṅkavat), पङ्किन् (paṅkin)
- c. 700 CE, Skanda Purāṇa 5.3.28.28.1:
- रक्तमाल्योत्तमाङ्गाश्च पतन्तः कार्दमे ह्रदे ।
- raktamālyottamāṅgāśca patantaḥ kārdame hrade.
- With the red garlands round their heads, they were falling into muddy whirlpools.
- रक्तमाल्योत्तमाङ्गाश्च पतन्तः कार्दमे ह्रदे ।
- of or relating to Prajapati Kardama
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.24.6:
- तस्यां बहुतिथे काले भगवान्मधुसूदनः ।
कार्दमं वीर्यमापन्नो जज्ञेऽग्निरिव दारुणि ॥- tasyāṃ bahutithe kāle bhagavānmadhusūdanaḥ.
kārdamaṃ vīryamāpanno jajñeʼgniriva dāruṇi. - Having entered the semen of Kardama, after many days, Lord Krishna appeared in her [Devahuti] just as fire appeared from woods.
- tasyāṃ bahutithe kāle bhagavānmadhusūdanaḥ.
- तस्यां बहुतिथे काले भगवान्मधुसूदनः ।
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of कार्दम (kārdama) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कार्दमः kārdamaḥ |
कार्दमौ kārdamau |
कार्दमाः kārdamāḥ |
Vocative | कार्दम kārdama |
कार्दमौ kārdamau |
कार्दमाः kārdamāḥ |
Accusative | कार्दमम् kārdamam |
कार्दमौ kārdamau |
कार्दमान् kārdamān |
Instrumental | कार्दमेन kārdamena |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमैः kārdamaiḥ |
Dative | कार्दमाय kārdamāya |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमेभ्यः kārdamebhyaḥ |
Ablative | कार्दमात् kārdamāt |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमेभ्यः kārdamebhyaḥ |
Genitive | कार्दमस्य kārdamasya |
कार्दमयोः kārdamayoḥ |
कार्दमानाम् kārdamānām |
Locative | कार्दमे kārdame |
कार्दमयोः kārdamayoḥ |
कार्दमेषु kārdameṣu |
Feminine ī-stem declension of कार्दमी (kārdamī) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कार्दमी kārdamī |
कार्दम्यौ kārdamyau |
कार्दम्यः kārdamyaḥ |
Vocative | कार्दमि kārdami |
कार्दम्यौ kārdamyau |
कार्दम्यः kārdamyaḥ |
Accusative | कार्दमीम् kārdamīm |
कार्दम्यौ kārdamyau |
कार्दमीः kārdamīḥ |
Instrumental | कार्दम्या kārdamyā |
कार्दमीभ्याम् kārdamībhyām |
कार्दमीभिः kārdamībhiḥ |
Dative | कार्दम्यै kārdamyai |
कार्दमीभ्याम् kārdamībhyām |
कार्दमीभ्यः kārdamībhyaḥ |
Ablative | कार्दम्याः kārdamyāḥ |
कार्दमीभ्याम् kārdamībhyām |
कार्दमीभ्यः kārdamībhyaḥ |
Genitive | कार्दम्याः kārdamyāḥ |
कार्दम्योः kārdamyoḥ |
कार्दमीनाम् kārdamīnām |
Locative | कार्दम्याम् kārdamyām |
कार्दम्योः kārdamyoḥ |
कार्दमीषु kārdamīṣu |
Neuter a-stem declension of कार्दम (kārdama) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कार्दमम् kārdamam |
कार्दमे kārdame |
कार्दमानि kārdamāni |
Vocative | कार्दम kārdama |
कार्दमे kārdame |
कार्दमानि kārdamāni |
Accusative | कार्दमम् kārdamam |
कार्दमे kārdame |
कार्दमानि kārdamāni |
Instrumental | कार्दमेन kārdamena |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमैः kārdamaiḥ |
Dative | कार्दमाय kārdamāya |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमेभ्यः kārdamebhyaḥ |
Ablative | कार्दमात् kārdamāt |
कार्दमाभ्याम् kārdamābhyām |
कार्दमेभ्यः kārdamebhyaḥ |
Genitive | कार्दमस्य kārdamasya |
कार्दमयोः kārdamayoḥ |
कार्दमानाम् kārdamānām |
Locative | कार्दमे kārdame |
कार्दमयोः kārdamayoḥ |
कार्दमेषु kārdameṣu |
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “कार्दम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 275, column 3.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “kārdama”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “कार्दम”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 563
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कार्दम”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 66