कनिष्ठ
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कनिष्ठ (kaniṣṭha).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]कनिष्ठ • (kaniṣṭh) (indeclinable)
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- কনিষ্ঠ (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬦᬶᬱ᭄ᬞ (Balinese script)
- কনিষ্ঠ (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰡𑰰𑰬𑰿𑰙 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀦𑀺𑀱𑁆𑀞 (Brahmi script)
- ကနိၑ္ဌ (Burmese script)
- કનિષ્ઠ (Gujarati script)
- ਕਨਿਸ਼੍ਠ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌨𑌿𑌷𑍍𑌠 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦤꦶꦰ꧀ꦜ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂢𑂱𑂭𑂹𑂘 (Kaithi script)
- ಕನಿಷ್ಠ (Kannada script)
- កនិឞ្ឋ (Khmer script)
- ກນິຩ຺ຐ (Lao script)
- കനിഷ്ഠ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᠨᡳᢢᡱᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘡𑘱𑘬𑘿𑘙 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᠨᠢᢔᢍᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧁𑧒𑧌𑧠𑦹 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐣𑐶𑐲𑑂𑐛 (Newa script)
- କନିଷ୍ଠ (Odia script)
- ꢒꢥꢶꢰ꣄ꢝ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆤𑆴𑆰𑇀𑆜 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖡𑖰𑖬𑖿𑖙 (Siddham script)
- කනිෂ්ඨ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩯𑩑𑪀 𑪙𑩧 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚝𑚮𑚶𑚕 (Takri script)
- கநிஷ்ட² (Tamil script)
- కనిష్ఠ (Telugu script)
- กนิษฺฐ (Thai script)
- ཀ་ནི་ཥྛ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒢𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒚 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨝𑨁𑨯𑩇𑨕 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kaniHṣṭʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaniHštʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]कनिष्ठ • (kaniṣṭhá or kániṣṭha) stem
- youngest, younger-born
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.33.5:
- ज्ये॒ष्ठ आ॑ह चम॒सा द्वा क॒रेति॒ कनी॑या॒न्त्रीन्कृ॑णवा॒मेत्या॑ह।
क॒नि॒ष्ठ आ॑ह च॒तुर॑स्क॒रेति॒ त्वष्ट॑ ऋभव॒स्तत्प॑नय॒द्वचो॑ वः॥- jyeṣṭhá āha camasā́ dvā́ karéti kánīyāntrī́nkṛṇavāmétyāha.
kaniṣṭhá āha catúraskaréti tváṣṭa ṛbhavastátpanayadváco vaḥ. - Two beakers let us make,—thus said the eldest. Let us make three,—this was the younger's sentence.
Four beakers let us make,—thus spoke the youngest. Tvaṣṭa approved this rede of yours, O Ṛbhus.
- jyeṣṭhá āha camasā́ dvā́ karéti kánīyāntrī́nkṛṇavāmétyāha.
- ज्ये॒ष्ठ आ॑ह चम॒सा द्वा क॒रेति॒ कनी॑या॒न्त्रीन्कृ॑णवा॒मेत्या॑ह।
- smallest, lowest, least
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of कनिष्ठ (kaniṣṭhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कनिष्ठः kaniṣṭháḥ |
कनिष्ठौ / कनिष्ठा¹ kaniṣṭhaú / kaniṣṭhā́¹ |
कनिष्ठाः / कनिष्ठासः¹ kaniṣṭhā́ḥ / kaniṣṭhā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | कनिष्ठ kániṣṭha |
कनिष्ठौ / कनिष्ठा¹ kániṣṭhau / kániṣṭhā¹ |
कनिष्ठाः / कनिष्ठासः¹ kániṣṭhāḥ / kániṣṭhāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | कनिष्ठम् kaniṣṭhám |
कनिष्ठौ / कनिष्ठा¹ kaniṣṭhaú / kaniṣṭhā́¹ |
कनिष्ठान् kaniṣṭhā́n |
Instrumental | कनिष्ठेन kaniṣṭhéna |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठैः / कनिष्ठेभिः¹ kaniṣṭhaíḥ / kaniṣṭhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | कनिष्ठाय kaniṣṭhā́ya |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठेभ्यः kaniṣṭhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | कनिष्ठात् kaniṣṭhā́t |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठेभ्यः kaniṣṭhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | कनिष्ठस्य kaniṣṭhásya |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठानाम् kaniṣṭhā́nām |
Locative | कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठेषु kaniṣṭhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of कनिष्ठा (kaniṣṭhā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कनिष्ठा kaniṣṭhā́ |
कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठाः kaniṣṭhā́ḥ |
Vocative | कनिष्ठे kániṣṭhe |
कनिष्ठे kániṣṭhe |
कनिष्ठाः kániṣṭhāḥ |
Accusative | कनिष्ठाम् kaniṣṭhā́m |
कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठाः kaniṣṭhā́ḥ |
Instrumental | कनिष्ठया / कनिष्ठा¹ kaniṣṭháyā / kaniṣṭhā́¹ |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठाभिः kaniṣṭhā́bhiḥ |
Dative | कनिष्ठायै kaniṣṭhā́yai |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठाभ्यः kaniṣṭhā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | कनिष्ठायाः / कनिष्ठायै² kaniṣṭhā́yāḥ / kaniṣṭhā́yai² |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठाभ्यः kaniṣṭhā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | कनिष्ठायाः / कनिष्ठायै² kaniṣṭhā́yāḥ / kaniṣṭhā́yai² |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठानाम् kaniṣṭhā́nām |
Locative | कनिष्ठायाम् kaniṣṭhā́yām |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठासु kaniṣṭhā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of कनिष्ठ (kaniṣṭhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कनिष्ठम् kaniṣṭhám |
कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठानि / कनिष्ठा¹ kaniṣṭhā́ni / kaniṣṭhā́¹ |
Vocative | कनिष्ठ kániṣṭha |
कनिष्ठे kániṣṭhe |
कनिष्ठानि / कनिष्ठा¹ kániṣṭhāni / kániṣṭhā¹ |
Accusative | कनिष्ठम् kaniṣṭhám |
कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठानि / कनिष्ठा¹ kaniṣṭhā́ni / kaniṣṭhā́¹ |
Instrumental | कनिष्ठेन kaniṣṭhéna |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठैः / कनिष्ठेभिः¹ kaniṣṭhaíḥ / kaniṣṭhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | कनिष्ठाय kaniṣṭhā́ya |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठेभ्यः kaniṣṭhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | कनिष्ठात् kaniṣṭhā́t |
कनिष्ठाभ्याम् kaniṣṭhā́bhyām |
कनिष्ठेभ्यः kaniṣṭhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | कनिष्ठस्य kaniṣṭhásya |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठानाम् kaniṣṭhā́nām |
Locative | कनिष्ठे kaniṣṭhé |
कनिष्ठयोः kaniṣṭháyoḥ |
कनिष्ठेषु kaniṣṭhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “कनिष्ठ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 248/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 297
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives