अभ्यास

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /əbʱ.jɑːs/, [ɐbʱ.jäːs]

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyās) m (Urdu spelling ابھیاس)

1. practice, exercise
2. habit

   Synonym: आदत (ādat)

Declension

Declension of अभ्यास (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यास abhyās
oblique	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यासों abhyāsõ
vocative	अभ्यास abhyās	अभ्यासो abhyāso

Related terms

• अभ्यस्त (abhyast)

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əbʱ.jas/

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyās) m

1. study, exercise, practice

Declension

Declension of अभ्यास (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	अभ्यास abhyās
direct plural	अभ्यास abhyās
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	अभ्यास abhyās		अभ्यास abhyās
oblique सामान्यरूप	अभ्यासा abhyāsā		अभ्यासां- abhyāsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	अभ्यासाला abhyāsālā		अभ्यासांना abhyāsānnā
ergative	अभ्यासाने, अभ्यासानं abhyāsāne, abhyāsāna		अभ्यासांनी abhyāsānnī
instrumental	अभ्यासाशी abhyāsāśī		अभ्यासांशी abhyāsānśī
locative सप्तमी	अभ्यासात abhyāsāt		अभ्यासांत abhyāsāt
vocative संबोधन	अभ्यासा abhyāsā		अभ्यासांनो abhyāsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अभ्यास (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	अभ्यासाचा abhyāsāċā	अभ्यासाचे abhyāsāċe	अभ्यासाची abhyāsācī	अभ्यासाच्या abhyāsācā	अभ्यासाचे, अभ्यासाचं abhyāsāċe, abhyāsāċa	अभ्यासाची abhyāsācī	अभ्यासाच्या abhyāsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	अभ्यासांचा abhyāsānċā	अभ्यासांचे abhyāsānċe	अभ्यासांची abhyāsāñcī	अभ्यासांच्या abhyāsāncā	अभ्यासांचे, अभ्यासांचं abhyāsānċe, abhyāsānċa	अभ्यासांची abhyāsāñcī	अभ्यासांच्या abhyāsāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• अभ्यासक्रम (abhyāskram, “syllabus, curriculum”)
• अभ्यासिका (abhyāsikā, “study room”)
• अभ्यासू (abhyāsū, “studious”)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “अभ्यास”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “अभ्यास”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) m

1. instruction, study

Descendants

• Gujarati: અભ્યાસ (abhyās)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অভ্যাস (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬪ᭄ᬬᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
• অভ্যাস (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰥𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀪𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• အဘျာသ (Burmese script)
• અભ્યાસ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਭ੍ਯਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌭𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦨꦾꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂦𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ (Kannada script)
• អភ្យាស (Khmer script)
• ອຠ຺ຍາສ (Lao script)
• അഭ്യാസ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢨᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘥𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠪᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧅𑧠𑧇𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐨𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
• ଅଭ୍ଯାସ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢩ꣄ꢫꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆨𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖥𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
• අභ්‍යාස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩳 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚡𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
• அப்⁴யாஸ (Tamil script)
• అభ్యాస (Telugu script)
• อภฺยาส (Thai script)
• ཨ་བྷྱཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒦𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨡𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐbʱ.jɑː.sɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐbʱˈjɑː.s̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

See अभ्याश (abhyāśa).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) stem, m

1. Alternative form of अभ्याश (abhyāśa, “reaching to, pervading”)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अभ्यास (abhyāsa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अभ्यासः abhyāsaḥ	अभ्यासौ / अभ्यासा¹ abhyāsau / abhyāsā¹	अभ्यासाः / अभ्यासासः¹ abhyāsāḥ / abhyāsāsaḥ¹
Vocative	अभ्यास abhyāsa	अभ्यासौ / अभ्यासा¹ abhyāsau / abhyāsā¹	अभ्यासाः / अभ्यासासः¹ abhyāsāḥ / abhyāsāsaḥ¹
Accusative	अभ्यासम् abhyāsam	अभ्यासौ / अभ्यासा¹ abhyāsau / abhyāsā¹	अभ्यासान् abhyāsān
Instrumental	अभ्यासेन abhyāsena	अभ्यासाभ्याम् abhyāsābhyām	अभ्यासैः / अभ्यासेभिः¹ abhyāsaiḥ / abhyāsebhiḥ¹
Dative	अभ्यासाय abhyāsāya	अभ्यासाभ्याम् abhyāsābhyām	अभ्यासेभ्यः abhyāsebhyaḥ
Ablative	अभ्यासात् abhyāsāt	अभ्यासाभ्याम् abhyāsābhyām	अभ्यासेभ्यः abhyāsebhyaḥ
Genitive	अभ्यासस्य abhyāsasya	अभ्यासयोः abhyāsayoḥ	अभ्यासानाम् abhyāsānām
Locative	अभ्यासे abhyāse	अभ्यासयोः abhyāsayoḥ	अभ्यासेषु abhyāseṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From the root अभ्यस् (abhyas, “to concentrate on, repeat, practice”).

Noun

अभ्यास • (abhyāsa) stem, m

1. the act of adding anything
2. (grammar) "what is prefixed", the first syllable of a reduplicated radical
3. reduplication
4. repetition
5. (poetry) repetition of the last verse of a stanza or of the last word of a chapter
6. (arithmetic) multiplication
7. repeated or permanent exercise, discipline, use, habit, custom
8. repeated reading, study
9. military practice
10. (in later Vedanta philosophy) inculcation of a truth conveyed in sacred writings by means of repeating the same word or the same passage
11. (in Yoga philosophy) the effort of the mind to remain in its unmodified condition of purity (sattva)

Descendants

• → Old Javanese: abhyāsa, bhyāsa, byasa
  • >? Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa)
  • → Malay: بياسا (biasa)
    • > Indonesian: biasa (inherited)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अभ्यास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 76/3, 77/1, 77/3.