अध्वन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অধ্বন্ (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬥ᭄ᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
• অধ্বন্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰠𑰿𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• အဓွန် (Burmese script)
• અધ્વન્ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਧ੍ਵਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌧𑍍𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦣ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂡𑂹𑂫𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಅಧ್ವೝ (Kannada script)
• អធ្វន៑ (Khmer script)
• ອຘ຺ວນ຺ (Lao script)
• അധ്വന് (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢡᠣᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘠𑘿𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢑᠾᢦᠨ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧀𑧠𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଅଧ୍ଵନ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢤ꣄ꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆣𑇀𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖠𑖿𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
• අධ‍්වන් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩮 𑪙𑩾𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚜𑚶𑚦𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
• அத்⁴வந் (Tamil script)
• అధ్వౝ (Telugu script)
• อธฺวนฺ (Thai script)
• ཨ་དྷྭ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒡𑓂𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨜𑩇𑨭𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádʰwan (“road”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nedʰ-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥 (aduuan, “road”), Ancient Greek ἐνθει̃ν (entheĩn, “to come”), Albanian endem.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́dʱ.ʋɐn/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐd̪ʱ.ʋɐn̪/

Noun

अध्वन् • (ádhvan) stem, m

1. a road, way, path

   Synonyms: पथ (patha), मार्ग (mārga), पथ्या (pathyā), वीथि (vīthi), व्रजन (vrajana), सरणि (saraṇi), संचर (saṃcara)

   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.46.13:

     यदिन्द्र सर्गे अर्वतश्चोदयासे महाधने।
     असमने अध्वनि वृजिने पथि श्येनाँ इव श्रवस्यतः॥

     yadindra sarge arvataścodayāse mahādhane.
     asamane adhvani vṛjine pathi śyenām̐ iva śravasyataḥ.

     When, Indra, in the mighty fray thou urgest chargers to their speed,
     On the uneven road and on a toilsome path, like falcons, eager for renown.

   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 1.4.1:

     अम्बयो यन्त्य्अध्वभिर्जामयो अध्वरीयताम् ।
     पृञ्चतीर्मधुना पयः ॥

     ambayo yantyadhvabhirjāmayo adhvarīyatām.
     pṛñcatīrmadhunā payaḥ.

     Along their paths the Mothers go, sisters of priestly ministrants,
     Blending their water with the mead.

Declension

Masculine an-stem declension of अध्वन्

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अध्वा (ádhvā)	अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹)	अध्वानः (ádhvānaḥ)
accusative	अध्वानम् (ádhvānam)	अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹)	अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ)
instrumental	अध्वना (ádhvanā)	अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām)	अध्वभिः (ádhvabhiḥ)
dative	अध्वने (ádhvane)	अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām)	अध्वभ्यः (ádhvabhyaḥ)
ablative	अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ)	अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām)	अध्वभ्यः (ádhvabhyaḥ)
genitive	अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ)	अध्वनोः (ádhvanoḥ)	अध्वनाम् (ádhvanām)
locative	अध्वनि (ádhvani) अध्वन्¹ (ádhvan¹)	अध्वनोः (ádhvanoḥ)	अध्वसु (ádhvasu)
vocative	अध्वन् (ádhvan)	अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹)	अध्वानः (ádhvānaḥ)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: addhan
• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha), 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (addhāṇa)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अध्वन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 23.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “adhvan”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अध्वन्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 11
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अध्वन्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 72
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “adhvan”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 14