ܫܡܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܫ ܡ ܫ (š m š)
7 terms

Etymology 1

From Aramaic שִׁמְשָׁא (šimšā), from Proto-Semitic *śamš-; compare Arabic شَمْس (šams), Hebrew שֶׁמֶשׁ (shémesh) and Akkadian 𒌓 (šamšum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪm.ʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܸܡܫܵܐ • (šimšā) f or m (plural ܫܸܡ̈ܫܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šimšāṯā))

1. (astronomy) sun

   ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― šimšā ìlāh ― It is sunny (literally, “She/It is the sun”)

   ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܒܸܙܪܵܩܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― šimšā bizrāqā ìlāh (literally, “The sun is shining”)

   ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܕܢܝܼܚ ܠܵܗ̇ ― šimšā dnīḥ lāh (literally, “The sun has risen”)

2. (alchemy) gold

   Synonym: ܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ (dahḇā)

3. sunlight/sunshine

Usage notes

• This word is often written as “ܫ̣ܡܫܐ” in unvocalized texts in order to distinguish itself from “ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ (šammāšā, “deacon”)”.

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܸܡܫܵܐ

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܸܡܫܝܼ (šimšī)		ܫܸܡܫܲܢ (šimšan)
	construct	ܫܡܸܫ (šmiš)	2nd person	ܫܸܡܫܘܼܟ݂ (šimšūḵ)	ܫܸܡܫܵܟ݂ܝ (šimšāḵ)	ܫܸܡܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šimšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܸܡܫܵܐ (šimšā)	3rd person	ܫܸܡܫܹܗ (šimšēh)	ܫܸܡܫܵܗ̇ (šimšāh)	ܫܸܡܫܗܘܿܢ (šimšhōn)

Derived terms

• ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܕܣܲܗܪܵܐ (šimšā dsahrā, “moonlight”)

Proper noun

ܫܸܡܫܵܐ • (šimšā) m

1. Shamash

Etymology 2

Root
ܫ ܡ ܫ (š m š)
7 terms

Agent noun from ܡܫܲܡܸܫ (mšammiš, “to serve”); compare Arabic شَمَّاس (šammās), Hebrew שַׁמָּשׁ (shamásh).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɑmˈmɑ.ʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ • (šammāšā) m (plural ܫܲܡܵܫܹ̈ܐ (šammāšē), feminine ܫܲܡܵܫܬܵܐ (šammāštā))

1. servant, attendant
2. (Christianity) minister, deacon (ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest)
3. (informal, as a title of respect) Used to describe one who is educated

Usage notes

• This word is often written as “ܫܡ̇ܫܐ” in unvocalized texts in order to distinguish itself from “ܫܸܡܫܵܐ (šimšā, “sun”)”.

Proper noun

ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ • (šammāšā) ?

1. a surname originating as an occupation

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *śamš-. The sense of "lizard" is a calque of Ancient Greek σαύρᾱ ἡλιακή (saúrā hēliakḗ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɛm.ʃɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪm.ʃɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɛm.ʃo]

Noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šemšā) c (plural ܫܡܫܐ)

1. (astronomy) sun, star
2. (alchemy) gold
3. kind of lizard

Usage notes

This word is usually masculine.

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܡܫܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܫܡܫ		1st person	ܫܡܫܝ		ܫܡܫܢ
	construct	ܫܡܫ		2nd person	ܫܡܫܟ	ܫܡܫܟܝ	ܫܡܫܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ		3rd person	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܫܡܫܝܢ		1st person	ܫܡܫܝ		ܫܡܫܝܢ
	construct	ܫܡܫܝ		2nd person	ܫܡܫܝܟ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝ	ܫܡܫܝܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ		3rd person	ܫܡܫܘܗܝ	ܫܡܫܝܗ	ܫܡܫܝܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šemšā) c

1. Sun

Etymology 2

From the root ܫ-ܡ-ܫ, related to serving; compare Arabic شَمَّاس (šammās), Hebrew שַׁמָּשׁ (šammāš).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʃamˈmɑ.ʃɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃamˈmɑ.ʃɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃɑˈmo.ʃo]

Noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šammāšā) m (plural ܫܡܫܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܡܫܬܐ)

1. servant, attendant
2. (Christianity) minister, deacon, (rare) priest

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܡܫܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܫܡܫ		1st person	ܫܡܫܝ		ܫܡܫܢ
	construct	ܫܡܫ		2nd person	ܫܡܫܟ	ܫܡܫܟܝ	ܫܡܫܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ		3rd person	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܫܡܫܝܢ		1st person	ܫܡܫܝ		ܫܡܫܝܢ
	construct	ܫܡܫܝ		2nd person	ܫܡܫܝܟ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝ	ܫܡܫܝܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ		3rd person	ܫܡܫܘܗܝ	ܫܡܫܝܗ	ܫܡܫܝܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܡܫܡܫܢܐ (məšamšānā)

References

• “šmš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-07-24
• “šmš²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-07-24
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 373b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 586a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1576b-1577a

Anagrams

• ܫܫܡܐ