ܫܟܪ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

ܫܟܪ

From Aramaic שֵׁכַּר (šekkar), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally grit or gravel”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”); compare Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar) and its further descendants.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɪkkar]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʃiːt͡ʃar]

Noun

ܫܸܟܲܪ • (šikkar) m

1. (uncountable) sugar

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܸܟܲܪ

number	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person			ܫܸܟܪܲܢ (šikran)
	construct	ܫܸܟܲܪ (šikkar)		2nd person	ܫܸܟܪܘܼܟ݂ (šikrūḵ)	ܫܸܟܪܵܟ݂ܝ (šikrāḵ)	ܫܸܟܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šikrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܸܟܲܪ (šikkar)		3rd person	ܫܸܟܪܹܗ (šikrēh)	ܫܸܟܪܘܿܗ̇ (šikrōh)	ܫܸܟܪܗܘܿܢ (šikrhōn)

Derived terms

• ܡܲܪܥܵܐ ܕܫܸܟܲܪ (marˁā d-šikkar, “diabetes”)
• ܫܸܟܪܵܝܵܐ (šikrāyā, “sugary”)

Etymology 2

Root
ܫ ܟ ܪ (š k r)
3 terms

Compare Arabic سَكِرَ (sakira⁩), Hebrew שָׁכַר (shakhár) and הִשְׁתַּכֵּר (hishtakér).

Pronunciation

• ܫܵܟ݂ܹܪ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): /ʃɑːxerː/
• ܫܟ݂ܲܪ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃəxar]

Verb

ܫܵܟ݂ܹܪ • (šāḵēr)

1. to be/become drunk, intoxicated

   Synonym: ܪܵܘܹܐ (rāwē)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܫܵܟ݂ܹܪ

gerund	ܒܸܫܟ݂ܵܪܵܐ (bišḵārā)
verbal noun	ܫܟ݂ܵܪܵܐ (šḵārā)
		singular				plural
passive participle	m	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ (šḵīrā)				ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܹ̈ܐ (šḵīrē)
	f	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܬܵܐ (šḵīrtā)
agent noun	m	ܫܵܟ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ (šāḵōrā)				ܫܵܟ݂ܘܿܪܹ̈ܐ (šāḵōrē)
	f	ܫܵܟ݂ܘܿܪܬܵܐ (šāḵōrtā)				ܫܵܟ݂ܘܿܪܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šāḵōryāṯā)
instance noun		ܫܟ݂ܵܪܬܵܐ (šḵārtā)				ܫܟ݂ܵܪ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šḵāryāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܝܼ (šḵīr lī)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (šḵīr lūḵ)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ (šḵīr lēh)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܲܢ (šḵīr lan)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šḵīr lāwḵōn)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ (šḵīr lhōn)
	f		ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (šḵīr lāḵ)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܗ̇ (šḵīr lāh)
non-past	m	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܹܢ (šāḵrēn)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܹܬ (šāḵrēt)	ܫܵܟ݂ܹܪ (šāḵēr)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܲܚ (šāḵraḥ)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ (šāḵrītōn)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܝܼ (šāḵrī)
	f	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܵܢ (šāḵrān)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܵܬܝ (šāḵrāt)	ܫܵܟ݂ܪܵܐ (šāḵrā)
imperative	m		ܫܟ݂ܘܿܪ (šḵōr)			ܫܟ݂ܘܿܪܘܼܢ (šḵōrūn)
	f		ܫܟ݂ܘܿܪܝ (šḵōr)
passive past	m	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܸܢ (šḵīrin)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܸܬ (šḵīrit)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪ (šḵīr)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܸܚ (šḵīriḥ)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ (šḵīrītōn)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܝܼ (šḵīrī)
	f	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܲܢ (šḵīran)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܲܬܝ (šḵīrat)	ܫܟ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ (šḵīrā)

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Noun

ܫܟ݂ܲܪ • (šḵar) m sg

1. construct state singular of ܫܲܟ݂ܪܵܐ (šaḵrā, “alcohol, liquor, spirit”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally grit or gravel”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”). Compare Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar).

Alternative forms

• ܫܟܪܐ

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃɛkkar], [ʃakkar], [ʃɑkkɑr]

Noun

ܫܟܪ • (šekkar) m(uncountable)

1. sugar

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃ(ə)xar]

Noun

ܫܟܪ • (transliteration needed)

1. absolute singular of ܫܟܪܐ
2. construct state singular of ܫܟܪܐ

References

• “škr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 368b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 577b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 1559b