ܦܥܪܐ

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܦ-ܥ-ܪ (p-ʿ-r) related to gaping; compare Arabic فَغْر (faḡr), Hebrew פַּעַר (páʿar).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈpɛʕ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈpaʕ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈfeʕ.ro]

Based on regular sound changes, the Eastern pronunciation differs from the expected *[ˈpɪʕ.rɑ].

Noun

ܦܥܪܐ • (peʿrā) m (plural ܦܥܪܐ (peʿrē))

1. cave, cavern
   • Peshitta, Hebrews 11:38:

     ܐܢܫܐ ܕܠܐ ܫܘܐ ܗܘܐ ܠܗܘܢ ܥܠܡܐ. ܘܗܘܘ ܐܝܟ ܛܥܝ̈ܐ ܒܚܘܪܒܐ. ܘܒܛܘܪ̈ܐ. ܘܒܡܥܪ̈ܐ. ܘܒܦܥܪ̈ܝܗܿ ܕܐܪܥܐ.

     [ʾĕ]nāšā ḏə-lā šāwē [hə]wā ləhōn ʿālmā, wa-həwaw ʾāḵ ṭāʿayyā ḇə-ḥurbā, wa-ḇə-ṭūrē, wə-ḇa-məʿarəʿē, wa-ḇə-p̄eʿrēh ḏə-ʾarʿā

     (Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.

2. chasm, gap, cleft

Inflection

    inflection of ܦܥܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܦܥܪ	ܦܥܪܝܢ
construct	ܦܥܪ	ܦܥܪܝ
emphatic	ܦܥܪܐ	ܦܥܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܦܥܪܝ	ܦܥܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟ	ܦܥܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝ	ܦܥܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܦܥܪܗ	ܦܥܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܦܥܪܗ	ܦܥܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܦܥܪܢ	ܦܥܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܘܢ	ܦܥܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝܢ	ܦܥܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܘܢ	ܦܥܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܝܢ	ܦܥܪܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܦ-ܥ-ܪ (p-ʿ-r) related to gaping.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [p(ə.)ˈʕɑ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈpʕɑ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈfʕo.ro]

Noun

ܦܥܪܐ • (pəʿārā) m(uncountable)

1. opening the mouth wide; yawning

Inflection

    declension of ܦܥܪܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܦܥܪ
construct	ܦܥܪ
emphatic	ܦܥܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܦܥܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܦܥܪܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܦܥܪܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܦܥܪܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܝܢ

See also

• ܦܘܥܪܐ (pūʿʿārā)

Etymology 3

Likely from Arabic فَاغِرَة (fāḡira).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈpɑ.ʕ(ə.)rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈpɑ.ʕrɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈfo.ʕro]

Noun

ܦܥܪܐ • (pāʿərā, pāʿrā) m (plural ܦܥܪܐ (pāʿərē, pāʿrē))

1. Avicenna's pricklyash (Zanthoxylum avicennae)

Inflection

    inflection of ܦܥܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܦܥܪ	ܦܥܪܝܢ
construct	ܦܥܪ	ܦܥܪܝ
emphatic	ܦܥܪܐ	ܦܥܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܦܥܪܝ	ܦܥܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟ	ܦܥܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝ	ܦܥܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܦܥܪܗ	ܦܥܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܦܥܪܗ	ܦܥܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܦܥܪܢ	ܦܥܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܘܢ	ܦܥܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܦܥܪܟܝܢ	ܦܥܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܘܢ	ܦܥܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܦܥܪܗܝܢ	ܦܥܪܝܗܝܢ

References

• “pˁr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-01-24
• “pˁr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-06-16
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 283a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 453b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1217b