ܝܕܥ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܝ ܕ ܥ (y d ˁ)
9 terms

From Aramaic יְדַע (yəḏaʿ), inherited from Proto-Semitic *wadaʕ-; compare Hebrew יָדַע (yadá), Arabic وَدَعَ (wadaʕa) and Akkadian 𒍪 (edûm).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [jɑːðeʕː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [jaːðeʔ]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [jɑd.dˤeː]

Verb

ܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ • (yāḏēˁ)

1. to know (a fact)

   ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܡܓܲܒܹܐ ܚܲܕ݇ ܡܸܢܕܝܼ ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܠܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܒܝܼܕ݂ܵܥܵܐ ܡܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܐ.

   wālē d-mgabbē ḥa mindī īnā lā ìlēh bīḏāˁā mā kē bāˁē.

   He must choose something but he does not know what he wants.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., 1 Corinthians 8:2:

     ܐܸܢ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܚܵܫܹܒ݂ ܕܒܝܼܕ݂ܵܥܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܡܸܢܕܝܼ، ܗܸܫ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܕܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ.

     in nāšā ḥāšēḇ d-bīḏāˁā ìlēh mindī, hiš lā kē yāḏēˁ ayḵ d-wālē d-yāḏēˁ ˁalūh.

     And if anyone thinks that he knows anything, he knows nothing yet as he ought to know.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., 1 John 2:29:

     ܐܸܢ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܕܙܲܕܝܼܩܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ، ܐܵܦ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܟܠ ܡܲܢ ܕܥܵܒ݂ܹܕ݂ ܙܲܕܝܼܩܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܠܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܡܸܢܹܗ.

     in yāḏˁītōn d-zadīqā ìlēh, āp yāḏˁītōn kul man d-ˁāḇēḏ zadīqūṯā pīšā ìlēh līḏā minnēh.

     If you know that He is righteous, you know that everyone who practices righteousness is born of Him.

2. to know how (to do something)

   ܐܸܢ ܒܵܥܹܝܬ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܬ ܠܝܵܡܵܐ ܥܲܡܲܢ، ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܬ ܣܚܵܝܵܐ

   in bāˁēt āṯēt l-yāmā ˁamman, wālē d-yāḏˁēt sḥāyā

   If you want to come to beach with us, you must know how to swim

3. to know, recognize (a person or place)

   ܚܲܒ݂ܪܝܼ ܝܠܹܗ، ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܲܚ ܐܸܚܕ݂ܵܕ݂ܹܐ.

   ḥaḇrī ìlēh, kē yāḏˁaḥ iḥḏāḏē.

   He is my friend, we know each other.

   ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܬ ܗܵܕ݂ܹܐ ܫܒ݂ܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ؟

   kē yāḏˁēt hāḏē šḇāḇūṯā?

   Do you know this neighbourhood?

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., 1 John 2:3:

     ܒܗܵܢܵܐ ܡܦܲܪܡܘܿܝܹܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܕܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܲܚ ܠܹܗ، ܐܸܢ ܢܵܛܪܲܚ ܦܘܼܩܕܵܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ.

     b-hānā mparmōyē ìwaḥ dkē yāḏˁaḥ lēh, in nāṭraḥ puqdānūh.

     Now by this we are understanding that we know him, if we keep his commandments.

4. (literary, archaic) to know, to have sex with

   Synonyms: ܚܵܟܹܡ (ḥākēm), ܫܵܟ݂ܹܒ݂ (šāḵēḇ), ܕܵܡܹܟ݂ (dāmēḵ)

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Matthew 1:24-25:

     ܘܠܵܐ ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܵܗ̇ ܠܹܗ ܗܲܠ ܕܡܗܘܼܨܸܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ܒܪܘܿܢܵܗ̇؛ ܘܩܪܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܡܹܗ ܝܼܫܘܿܥ.

     w-lā ḏīˁāh lēh hal d-mhūṣil lāh brōnāh; w-qrē lāh šimmēh īšōˁ.

     and did not know her till she had brought forth her Son; And he called His name Jesus.

Usage notes

• This is used for all senses but is most used in the sense of “to know a fact” or “to know a skill”. The verb ܡܲܕܪܸܟ݂ (madriḵ) is specifically used for the senses of “to be familiar with”, “to know someone” or “to know a place”.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ

gerund	ܒܝܼܕ݂ܵܥܵܐ (bīḏāˁā)
verbal noun	ܝܕ݂ܵܥܵܐ (ḏāˁā)
		singular				plural
passive participle	m	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܵܐ (ḏīˁā)				ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܹ̈ܐ (ḏīˁē)
	f	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܬܵܐ (ḏīˁtā)
agent noun	m	ܝܵܕ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (yāḏōˁā)				ܝܵܕ݂ܘܿܥܹ̈ܐ (yāḏōˁē)
	f	ܝܵܕ݂ܘܿܥܬܵܐ (yāḏōˁtā)				ܝܵܕ݂ܘܿܥܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (yāḏōˁyāṯā)
instance noun		ܝܕ݂ܵܥܬܵܐ (ḏāˁtā)				ܝܕ݂ܵܥ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḏāˁyāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܝܼ (ḏīˁ lī)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ḏīˁ lūḵ)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܹܗ (ḏīˁ lēh)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܲܢ (ḏīˁ lan)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḏīˁ lāwḵōn)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ḏīˁ lhōn)
	f		ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ḏīˁ lāḵ)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ ܠܵܗ̇ (ḏīˁ lāh)
non-past	m	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܢ (yāḏˁēn)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܬ (yāḏˁēt)	ܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ (yāḏēˁ)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܲܚ (yāḏˁaḥ)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܝܼܬܘܿܢ (yāḏˁītōn)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܝܼ (yāḏˁī)
	f	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܵܢ (yāḏˁān)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܵܬܝ (yāḏˁāt)	ܝܵܕ݂ܥܵܐ (yāḏˁā)
imperative	m		ܝܕ݂ܘܿܥ (ḏōˁ)			ܝܕ݂ܘܿܥܘܼܢ (ḏōˁūn)
	f		ܝܕ݂ܘܿܥܝ (ḏōˁ)
passive past	m	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܸܢ (ḏīˁin)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܸܬ (ḏīˁit)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥ (ḏīˁ)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܸܚ (ḏīˁiḥ)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܝܼܬܘܿܢ (ḏīˁītōn)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܝܼ (ḏīˁī)
	f	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܲܢ (ḏīˁan)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܲܬܝ (ḏīˁat)	ܝܕ݂ܝܼܥܵܐ (ḏīˁā)

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Derived terms

• ܠܵܐ ܟܝܼ (lā kī)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Root
ܝ ܕ ܥ
5 terms

From Proto-Semitic *wadaʕ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jədaʕ/, [ʔiðaʕ]

Verb

ܝܕܥ • (ʔīḏaʕ)

1. to know

Further reading

• “ydˁ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–