گراز

See also: کزاز

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wlʾc /⁠warāz⁠/, “boar”), from Old Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *warājáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *warāȷ́ʰás (“boar”). Cognate with Central Kurdish بەراز (beraz), Northern Kurdish beraz, Southern Kurdish وەراز (weraz), Mazanderani وراز (verâz), براز (berâz, “boar”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀 (varāza, “boar”), and Sanskrit वराह (varāha, “boar”). Akin to Old Armenian վարազ (varaz, “wild boar”) and Classical Syriac ܘܪܙܐ (warzāʾ), Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ˈɾɑːz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ɾɑ́ːz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ɾɑ́ːz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ɾɑ́ːz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɾɔ́ːz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥o.ɹɒ́ːz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɾɔ́z]

Readings
Classical reading?	gurāz
Dari reading?	gurāz
Iranian reading?	gorâz
Tajik reading?	guroz

Noun

Dari	گراز
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гуроз

گراز • (gorâz) (plural گرازها (gorâz-hâ))

1. boar
   1. wild boar, wild pig (Sus scrofa, a species of swine)

      Synonym: خوک وحشی (xuk-e vahši)

      • c. 1100, Amīr Mu'izzī, “Qaṣīda 119”, in دیوان امیر معزی‎^[1]:

        سر شمشیر او برندهٔ چنگال شیر آمد
        سر پیکان او سنبندهٔ یشک‌ گراز آمد

        sar-i šamšēr⁠-i ō buranda-yi čangāl-i šēr āmad
        sar-i paykān-i ō sumbanda-yi yašk-i gurāz āmad

        The edge of his blade slices through the lion's claws,
        The edge of his arrow bores through the boar's tusks.

        (Classical Persian transliteration)

   2. male of any pig species

      Synonym: خوک نر (xuk-e nar)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “warāz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گراز”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “վարազ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 314b