يهود

See also: یهود and یہود

Arabic

Etymology 1

Learned back-formation from يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) as if this were relative adjective (nisba) composed of يَهُود (yahūd, “Jews”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

Noun

يَهُود • (yahūd) m pl or f (collective, singulative يَهُودِيّ m (yahūdiyy), paucal يَهُود (yahūd))

1. (collective) Jews
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:18:
     (translated by Pickthall)

     وَقَالَتِ ٱلْيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَارَىٰ نَحْنُ أَبْنَاءُ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّاؤُهُ ۚ قُلْ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُم ۖ بَلْ أَنتُم بَشَرٌ مِّمَّنْ خَلَقَ ۚ يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

     wa-qālati l-yahūdu wa-n-aṣārā naḥnu ʾabnāʾu llāhi wa-ʾaḥibbāʾuh[ū], qul fa-lima yuʿaḏḏibukum bi-ḏunūbikum, bal ʾantum bašarum-mimman ḵalaq[a], yaġfiru li-man yašāʾu wa-yuʿaḏḏibu man yašāʾ[u], wa-llāhi mulku s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-mā baynahumā, wa-ʾilayhi l-maṣīr[u]

     The Jews and Christians say: We are sons of Allah and His loved ones. Say: Why then doth He chastise you for your sins? Nay, ye are but mortals of His creating. He forgiveth whom He will, and chastiseth whom He will. Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and unto Him is the journeying.

Declension

Declension of noun يَهُود (yahūd)

collective	basic collective triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	يَهُود yahūd	الْيَهُود al-yahūd	يَهُود yahūd
nominative	يَهُودٌ yahūdun	الْيَهُودُ al-yahūdu	يَهُودُ yahūdu
accusative	يَهُودًا yahūdan	الْيَهُودَ al-yahūda	يَهُودَ yahūda
genitive	يَهُودٍ yahūdin	الْيَهُودِ al-yahūdi	يَهُودِ yahūdi
singulative	basic singulative triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	يَهُودِي yahūdī	الْيَهُودِي al-yahūdī	يَهُودِي yahūdī
nominative	يَهُودِيٌّ yahūdiyyun	الْيَهُودِيُّ al-yahūdiyyu	يَهُودِيُّ yahūdiyyu
accusative	يَهُودِيًّا yahūdiyyan	الْيَهُودِيَّ al-yahūdiyya	يَهُودِيَّ yahūdiyya
genitive	يَهُودِيٍّ yahūdiyyin	الْيَهُودِيِّ al-yahūdiyyi	يَهُودِيِّ yahūdiyyi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	يَهُودِيَّيْن yahūdiyyayn	الْيَهُودِيَّيْن al-yahūdiyyayn	يَهُودِيَّيْ yahūdiyyay
nominative	يَهُودِيَّانِ yahūdiyyāni	الْيَهُودِيَّانِ al-yahūdiyyāni	يَهُودِيَّا yahūdiyyā
accusative	يَهُودِيَّيْنِ yahūdiyyayni	الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ al-yahūdiyyayni	يَهُودِيَّيْ yahūdiyyay
genitive	يَهُودِيَّيْنِ yahūdiyyayni	الْيَهُودِيَّيْنِ al-yahūdiyyayni	يَهُودِيَّيْ yahūdiyyay
paucal (3-10)	basic broken paucal triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	يَهُود yahūd	الْيَهُود al-yahūd	يَهُود yahūd
nominative	يَهُودٌ yahūdun	الْيَهُودُ al-yahūdu	يَهُودُ yahūdu
accusative	يَهُودًا yahūdan	الْيَهُودَ al-yahūda	يَهُودَ yahūda
genitive	يَهُودٍ yahūdin	الْيَهُودِ al-yahūdi	يَهُودِ yahūdi

Related terms

• يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy, “related to Jews; single Jew”)
• يَهُودِيَّة (yahūdiyya)

Descendants

• → Afar: Yahúud

Adjective

يَهُود • (yahūd) m pl

1. masculine plural of يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy)

Etymology 2

Verb

يهود (form I)

1. يَهُودُ (yahūdu) /ja.huː.du/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of هَادَ (hāda)
2. يَهُودَ (yahūda) /ja.huː.da/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of هَادَ (hāda)

References

• Hopkins, Simon (1997) “On the Words for “Jew(s)” in Arabic”, in Uri Rubin, David J. Wasserstein, editors, Dhimmis and Others: Jews and Christians and the World of Classical Islam (Israel Oriental Studies; 17), Eisenbrauns, pages 11–27
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 293–294

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic يَهُود (yahūd).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja.huːd/, [jaˈhuːd]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

يهود • (yahūd) pl

1. plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jew”)

Adjective

يهود • (yahūd)

1. plural of يهودي (yahūdi, “Jewish”)