هنگام

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Persian

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Etymology

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (hngʾm /⁠hangām⁠/, “time, occasion”); by surface analysis, هن (han, “alternative form of همـ (ham-, “co-”)”) +‎ گام (gām, “step”).[1] Akin to Old Armenian հանգամանք (hangamankʻ, “details, circumstances, way”), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? hangām
Dari reading? hangām
Iranian reading? hangâm, hengâm
Tajik reading? hangom

Noun

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Dari هنگام
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҳангом

هنگام • (hangâm, hengâm)[2][3]

  1. time, hour
    • 9th century, Firdowsi, Shahnameh
      به جامسپ گفت ار چنین است کار
      به هنگام رفتن سوی کارزار
      ba jâmasp guft ar čenin ast kâr
      ba hangâm-î raftan sôy-î kârzâr
  2. (rare) season
    • 11th century, Manuchehri
      هنگام بهار است و جهان چون بت فرخار
      خیز ای بت فرخار و بیار آن گل بی خار
      hangâm-î bahâr ast u jahân čun but-î farxâr, xêz ay but-î farxâr u beyâr ân gul-î be xâr

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Gujarati: હંગામ (haṅgām)

References

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  1. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 128
  2. ^ Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “هنگام”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
  3. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “hngʾm”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 42
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