هلال

See also: ہلال

Arabic

Etymology

Cognate with Hebrew ה־ל־ל (“Forming words relating to being clear and shining”, root) and Ugaritic 𐎅𐎍𐎍 (hll).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hi.laːl/

Noun

هِلَال • (hilāl) m (plural أَهِلَّة (ʔahilla))

1. crescent, crescent moon
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:189:

     يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَهِلَّةِ ۖ قُلْ هِيَ مَوَاقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ وَٱلْحَجِّ ۗ وَلَيْسَ ٱلْبِرُّ بِأَن تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِن ظُهُورِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ ۗ وَأْتُوا ٱلْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا ٱللّٰهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ

     yasʔalūnaka ʕani l-ʔahillati qul hiya mawāqītu li-n-nāsi wa-lḥajji walaysa l-birru biʔan taʔtū l-buyūta min ẓuhūrihā walākinna l-birra mani ttaqā waʔtū l-buyūta min ʔabwābihā wattaqū llāha laʕallakum tufliḥūna

     They ask thee about the crescents. Say: "They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage". It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof, but the righteous man is he who wardeth off. So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.

2. moonlight, glow, aura

Declension

Declension of noun هِلَال (hilāl)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هِلَال hilāl	الْهِلَال al-hilāl	هِلَال hilāl
Nominative	هِلَالٌ hilālun	الْهِلَالُ al-hilālu	هِلَالُ hilālu
Accusative	هِلَالًا hilālan	الْهِلَالَ al-hilāla	هِلَالَ hilāla
Genitive	هِلَالٍ hilālin	الْهِلَالِ al-hilāli	هِلَالِ hilāli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هِلَالَيْن hilālayn	الْهِلَالَيْن al-hilālayn	هِلَالَيْ hilālay
Nominative	هِلَالَانِ hilālāni	الْهِلَالَانِ al-hilālāni	هِلَالَا hilālā
Accusative	هِلَالَيْنِ hilālayni	الْهِلَالَيْنِ al-hilālayni	هِلَالَيْ hilālay
Genitive	هِلَالَيْنِ hilālayni	الْهِلَالَيْنِ al-hilālayni	هِلَالَيْ hilālay
Plural	broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَهِلَّة ʔahilla	الْأَهِلَّة al-ʔahilla	أَهِلَّة ʔahillat
Nominative	أَهِلَّةٌ ʔahillatun	الْأَهِلَّةُ al-ʔahillatu	أَهِلَّةُ ʔahillatu
Accusative	أَهِلَّةً ʔahillatan	الْأَهِلَّةَ al-ʔahillata	أَهِلَّةَ ʔahillata
Genitive	أَهِلَّةٍ ʔahillatin	الْأَهِلَّةِ al-ʔahillati	أَهِلَّةِ ʔahillati

Derived terms

• الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب (al-hilāl al-ḵaṣīb, “Fertile Crescent”)
• اَلْهِلَال الْأَحْمَر (al-hilāl al-ʔaḥmar, “Red Crescent”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: hilal
• → English: hilal
• → Ottoman Turkish: هلال
  • Turkish: hilal, Hilâl
• → Persian: هلال (helâl)
  • → Bengali: হেলাল (helal)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हिलाल (hilāl)

    Urdu: ہِلال (hilāl)

  • → Punjabi: hilāl

    Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਲਾਲ

    Shahmukhi script: ہِلال

  • → Sindhi:

    Arabic script: هِلالُ

    Devanagari script: हिलाल

• → Polish: hilal
• → Swahili: hilali
• → Uzbek: hilol

Proper noun

هِلَال • (hilāl) ?

1. a surname

Anagrams

• اللّٰه (allāh)

Ottoman Turkish

هلال

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هِلَال (hilāl, “crescent, crescent moon”).

Noun

هلال • (hilal) (definite accusative هلالی (hilali), plural اهله (ehille))

1. crescent, the figure of the moon as it appears between its first or last quarter and the new moon

   Synonym: ماهچه (mahçe)

2. (anatomy) lunula, the crescent-shaped whitish or pale area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail

Derived terms

• هلال ابرو (hilal ebru, “crescent-eyebrowed”)
• هلال احمر (hilal-i ahmer, “Red Crescent”)
• هلال اوتی (hilal otu, “buck's-horn plantain”)
• هلالواری (hilalvari, “after the fashion of a crescent”)
• هلالی (hilalî, “crescent-shaped”)
• هلالیه (hilaliye, “common celandine”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: hilal, Hilâl

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hilal1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1965
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “hilâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 441
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “هلال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1325
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Luna nascens”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 981
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “هلال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 5482
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hilal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “هلال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2167

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [hi.ˈlɑːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hɪ.lɑ́ːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hɪ.lɑ́ːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪ.lɑ́ːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔi.lɔ́ːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [he.lɒ́ːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hi.lɔ́l]

Readings
Classical reading?	hilāl
Dari reading?	hilāl
Iranian reading?	helâl
Tajik reading?	hilol

Noun

هلال • (helâl)

1. crescent

Descendants

• → Bengali: হেলাল (helal)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: हिलाल (hilāl)

  Urdu: ہِلال (hilāl)

• → Punjabi: hilāl

  Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਲਾਲ

  Shahmukhi script: ہِلال

• → Sindhi:

  Arabic script: هِلالُ

  Devanagari script: हिलाल

Anagrams

• الله

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ه ل ل
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hi.laːl/, [hiˈlæːl]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Noun

هلال • (hilāl) m

1. new moon
2. crescent