جیوه

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian جیوه (jive, “mercury”).

Noun

جیوه • (cive, cıva)

1. mercury, quicksilver

   Synonym: سیماب (simab)

Derived terms

• جیوه‌لو (civeli, cıvali, “prepared with quicksilver”)

Descendants

• Turkish: cıva
• → Armenian: ճիվա (čiva)

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جیوه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 454
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Hydrargyrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 715
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “جیوه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 697

Persian

Alternative forms

• ژیوه (žive)

Etymology

From a hypothetical Middle Persian [script needed] (zywk' /⁠*zīwag⁠/, “mercury”), whence also Classical Syriac ܙܝܘܓ (zīwag). From Middle Persian [script needed] (zy(w)ndk' /⁠zīndag, zīwandāg, zībandāg⁠/, “living”), from [script needed] (zyw /⁠*zīwa-,*zība-⁠/, “live”), from Old Persian 𐎪𐎡𐎺 (ji-i-v /⁠jīva⁠/), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós. Compare semantically Latin argentum vivum, Serbo-Croatian živa and English quick and quicksilver. Compare the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian սնդիկ (sndik), Arabic زِئْبَق (ziʔbaq, “mercury”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒiː.wa]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒiː.wä]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒiː.wä]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒiː.wä]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒi.wä]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒiː.ve]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒi.vä]

Readings
Classical reading?	jīwa
Dari reading?	jīwa
Iranian reading?	jive
Tajik reading?	jiva

Noun

جیوه • (jive)

1. mercury; quicksilver (metal)

   Synonym: سیماب (simâb)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: civə
• → Ottoman Turkish: جیوه (cive, cıva)
  • → Turkish: cıva