استعصم

Arabic

Root
ع ص م (ʕ ṣ m)
10 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.taʕ.sˤa.ma/

Verb

اِسْتَعْصَمَ • (istaʕṣama) X (non-past يَسْتَعْصِمُ (yastaʕṣimu), verbal noun اِسْتِعْصَام (istiʕṣām))

1. to adhere, to keep [with بِ (bi) ‘to a practice’]
2. to resort to, to take refuge in [with بِ (bi) ‘something’]
3. to maintain, to preserve [with بِ (bi) ‘a condition’]
4. to occupy in protest [with فِي (fī) or بِ (bi) ‘a building, square, etc.’]
5. to resist temptation, to refuse
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:32:

     قَالَتْ فَذَٰلِكُنَّ الَّذِي لُمْتُنَّنِي فِيهِ ۖ وَلَقَدْ رَاوَدتُّهُ عَن نَّفْسِهِ فَاسْتَعْصَمَ ۖ وَلَئِن لَّمْ يَفْعَلْ مَا آمُرُهُ لَيُسْجَنَنَّ وَلَيَكُونًا مِّنَ الصَّاغِرِينَ

     She said, "That is the one about whom you blamed me. And I certainly sought to seduce him, but he firmly refused; and if he will not do what I order him, he will surely be imprisoned and will be of those debased."

Conjugation

    Conjugation of اِسْتَعْصَمَ (X, sound, impersonal passive, verbal noun اِسْتِعْصَام)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						اِسْتِعْصَام istiʕṣām
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسْتَعْصِم mustaʕṣim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسْتَعْصَم mustaʕṣam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	اِسْتَعْصَمْتُ istaʕṣamtu	اِسْتَعْصَمْتَ istaʕṣamta	اِسْتَعْصَمَ istaʕṣama		اِسْتَعْصَمْتُمَا istaʕṣamtumā	اِسْتَعْصَمَا istaʕṣamā		اِسْتَعْصَمْنَا istaʕṣamnā	اِسْتَعْصَمْتُمْ istaʕṣamtum	اِسْتَعْصَمُوا istaʕṣamū
	f		اِسْتَعْصَمْتِ istaʕṣamti	اِسْتَعْصَمَتْ istaʕṣamat			اِسْتَعْصَمَتَا istaʕṣamatā			اِسْتَعْصَمْتُنَّ istaʕṣamtunna	اِسْتَعْصَمْنَ istaʕṣamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسْتَعْصِمُ ʔastaʕṣimu	تَسْتَعْصِمُ tastaʕṣimu	يَسْتَعْصِمُ yastaʕṣimu		تَسْتَعْصِمَانِ tastaʕṣimāni	يَسْتَعْصِمَانِ yastaʕṣimāni		نَسْتَعْصِمُ nastaʕṣimu	تَسْتَعْصِمُونَ tastaʕṣimūna	يَسْتَعْصِمُونَ yastaʕṣimūna
	f		تَسْتَعْصِمِينَ tastaʕṣimīna	تَسْتَعْصِمُ tastaʕṣimu			تَسْتَعْصِمَانِ tastaʕṣimāni			تَسْتَعْصِمْنَ tastaʕṣimna	يَسْتَعْصِمْنَ yastaʕṣimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْتَعْصِمَ ʔastaʕṣima	تَسْتَعْصِمَ tastaʕṣima	يَسْتَعْصِمَ yastaʕṣima		تَسْتَعْصِمَا tastaʕṣimā	يَسْتَعْصِمَا yastaʕṣimā		نَسْتَعْصِمَ nastaʕṣima	تَسْتَعْصِمُوا tastaʕṣimū	يَسْتَعْصِمُوا yastaʕṣimū
	f		تَسْتَعْصِمِي tastaʕṣimī	تَسْتَعْصِمَ tastaʕṣima			تَسْتَعْصِمَا tastaʕṣimā			تَسْتَعْصِمْنَ tastaʕṣimna	يَسْتَعْصِمْنَ yastaʕṣimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْتَعْصِمْ ʔastaʕṣim	تَسْتَعْصِمْ tastaʕṣim	يَسْتَعْصِمْ yastaʕṣim		تَسْتَعْصِمَا tastaʕṣimā	يَسْتَعْصِمَا yastaʕṣimā		نَسْتَعْصِمْ nastaʕṣim	تَسْتَعْصِمُوا tastaʕṣimū	يَسْتَعْصِمُوا yastaʕṣimū
	f		تَسْتَعْصِمِي tastaʕṣimī	تَسْتَعْصِمْ tastaʕṣim			تَسْتَعْصِمَا tastaʕṣimā			تَسْتَعْصِمْنَ tastaʕṣimna	يَسْتَعْصِمْنَ yastaʕṣimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِسْتَعْصِمْ istaʕṣim			اِسْتَعْصِمَا istaʕṣimā				اِسْتَعْصِمُوا istaʕṣimū
	f		اِسْتَعْصِمِي istaʕṣimī							اِسْتَعْصِمْنَ istaʕṣimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	اُسْتُعْصِمَ ustuʕṣima		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُسْتَعْصَمُ yustaʕṣamu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُسْتَعْصَمَ yustaʕṣama		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُسْتَعْصَمْ yustaʕṣam		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

References

• Freytag, Georg (1830–1837) “استعصم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), Halle: C. A. Schwetschke
• Baalbaki, Rohi (1995) “استعصم”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
• Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “استعصم”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “استعصم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate
• Wehr, Hans (1960) “استعصم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz