שרב

See also: ש־ רב

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
שׁ־ר־ב (sh-r-b)

Compare with Classical Syriac ܫܪܒܐ (šrb, šwrbˀ, “hot wind, simoom”).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃaˈʁav/

Noun

שָׁרָב • (sharáv) m (plural indefinite שְׁרָבִים, singular construct שְׁרַב־, plural construct שַׁרְבֵי־)

1. A heat wave.
   • Tanach, Isaiah 49:10, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     לֹא יִרְעָבוּ וְלֹא יִצְמָאוּ וְלֹא־יַכֵּם שָׁרָב וָשָׁמֶשׁ כִּי־מְרַחֲמָם יְנַהֲגֵם וְעַל־מַבּוּעֵי מַיִם יְנַהֲלֵם׃

     lo yir'ávu v'lo yitsmá'u v'lo yakém sharáv vashémesh ki m'rakhamám y'nahagém v'ál mabu'é máyim y'nahalém

     They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor sun smite them; for He that hath compassion on them will lead them, even by the springs of water will He guide them.

   • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat 106b:

     הַצָּד חֲגָבִים בִּשְׁעַת הַטַּל — פָּטוּר, בִּשְׁעַת הַשָּׁרָב — חַיָּיב.

     hatsád khagavím bish'át hatal — patúr, bish'át hasharáv, khayáv.

     One who captures locusts at the time of dew is exempt; at the time of heat-wave he is liable.

2. (שְׁרַב־, sh'ráv-) singular construct state form of שָׁרָב (sharáv)‎.

Related terms

• (adjective) שְׁרָבִי (sh'raví, “of or relating to hot and dry weather”)