פשע

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
פ־שׁ־ע (p-sh-ʿ)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎔𐎌𐎓 (pšʿ, “rebellion, transgression”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ʃa(ʕ)/

Noun

פֶּשַׁע • (pésha, pɛ́šaʕ) m (plural indefinite פְּשָׁעִים, singular construct פֶּשַׁע־, plural construct פִּשְׁעֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. felony, transgression
   • Tanach, Proverbs 29:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     בְּפֶשַׁע אִישׁ רָע מוֹקֵשׁ וְצַדִּיק יָרוּן וְשָׂמֵחַ׃

     bəp̄ɛ́šaʕ ʔiš rɔʕ moqeš wəṣaddiq yɔrun wəśɔméaḥ

     In the transgression of an evil man there is a snare; but the righteous doth sing and rejoice.

2. (Jewish law) a rebellious sin, done for the purpose of opposing God and not for its own benefit
   • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Yoma 36:b:

     פשעים אלו המרדים וכן הוא אומר (מלכים ב ג, ז) מלך מואב פשע בי

     P'sha'im are rebellious, and that's why it says in II Kings 3:7, "The king of Moab rebelled against me"

Declension

Declension of פֶּשַׁע

Number	Isolated forms		With possessive pronouns
	State	Form	Person	singular		plural
				m.	f.	m.	f.
singular	indefinite	פֶּשַׁע	first	פִּשְׁעִי		פִּשְׁעֵנוּ
	definite	הַפֶּשַׁע	second	פִּשְׁעֲךָ	פִּשְׁעֵךְ	פִּשְׁעֲכֶם	פִּשְׁעֲכֶן
	construct	פֶּשַׁע־	third	פִּשְׁעוֹ	פִּשְׁעָהּ	פִּשְׁעָם	פִּשְׁעָן
plural	indefinite	פְּשָׁעִים	first	פשעיי / פְּשָׁעַי		פְּשָׁעֵינוּ
	definite	הַפְּשָׁעִים	second	פְּשָׁעֶיךָ	פשעייך / פְּשָׁעַיִךְ	פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם	פִּשְׁעֵיכֶן
	construct	פִּשְׁעֵי־	third	פְּשָׁעָיו	פְּשָׁעֶיהָ	פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם	פִּשְׁעֵיהֶן

Derived terms

• פֶּשַׁע מִלְחָמָה (pésha' milkhamá, “war crime”)
• פֶּשַׁע שִׂנְאָה (pésha sin'á, “hate crime”)

Related terms

• פּוֹשֵׁעַ (poshéa')

References

• H6588 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Verb

פָּשַׁע • (pashá') (pa'al construction)

1. to commit a crime

Conjugation

Conjugation of פָּשַׁע (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לפשוע / לִפְשֹׁעַ action noun: פְּשִׁיעָה passive participle: —
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	פָּשַׁעְתִּי		פָּשַׁעְנוּ
	second	פָּשַׁעְתָּ	פָּשַׁעְתְּ	פְּשַׁעְתֶּם1	פְּשַׁעְתֶּן1
	third	פָּשַׁע	פָּשְׁעָה	פָּשְׁעוּ
present		פּוֹשֵׁעַ	פּוֹשַׁעַת	פּוֹשְׁעִים	פּוֹשְׁעוֹת
future	first	אֶפְשַׁע		נִפְשַׁע
	second	תִּפְשַׁע	תִּפְשְׁעִי	תִּפְשְׁעוּ	תִּפְשַׁעְנָה2
	third	יִפְשַׁע	תִּפְשַׁע	יִפְשְׁעוּ	תִּפְשַׁעְנָה2
imperative		פְּשַׁע	פִּשְׁעִי	פִּשְׁעוּ	פְּשַׁעְנָה2
notes		Pronounced פָּשַׁעְתֶּם and פָּשַׁעְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Etymology 2

Root
פ־שׂ־ע (p-s-ʿ)

Noun

פֶּשַׂע • (pésa') m (plural indefinite פְּשָׂעִים, singular construct פֶּשַׂע־, plural construct פִּשְׂעֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. pace, step