אדום

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
א־ד־ם (ʾ-d-m)

Compare Akkadian 𒌑𒁺𒈠𒀀𒀀, Classical Syriac ܐܕܘܡ, Arabic ادوم, Edomite 𐤀𐤃𐤌 (ʾdm).

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔaːˈdoːm/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔɔːˈðoːm/, [ʔɔˑˈðoː.om]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔɔˈðøm/, [ʔɔːˈðøːm]
• (Persian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔɒˈdom/
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈdom/
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈdom/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɔˈdojm/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈdom/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

אדום / אָדֹם • (adóm) (feminine אדומה / אֲדֻמָּה, masculine plural אדומים / אֲדֻמִּים, feminine plural אדומות / אֲדֻמּוֹת) [pattern: קָטֹל]

1. red

Derived terms

• פרה אדומה / פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה (pará adumá)
• אֲדַמְדַּם (adamdám)
• הַצְּלָב הָאָדוֹם (hatzláv ha'adóm)
• יין אדום / יַיִן אָדֹם (yáyin adóm)
• מגן דוד אדום / מָגֵן דָּוִד אָדֹם (magén davíd adóm)
• שטיח אדום / שָׁטִיחַ אָדֹם (shatíakh adóm)
• תת אדום / תּת-אָדֹם (tat adóm)

See also

Colors in Hebrew · צְבָעִים (ts'va'ím) (layout · text)

לָבָן (laván)	אפור / אָפֹר (afór)	שחור / שָׁחֹר (shakhór)
אדום / אָדֹם (adóm); אַרְגָּמָן (argamán)	כתום / כָּתֹם (katóm); חוּם (khum)	צהוב / צָהֹב (tsahóv); קרֶם (krem)
ליים (láym)	ירוק / יָרֹק (yarók)	ירוק נענע / יָרֹק נַעְנַע (yarók nána)
צִיאָן (tsi'án)	תְּכֵלֶת (t'khélet)	כחול / כָּחֹל (kakhól)
סגול / סָגֹל (sagól); אִינְדִּיגוֹ (índigo)	מָגֶ׳נְטָה (madjénta); סגול / סָגֹל (sagól)	ורוד / וָרֹד (varód)

Noun

אדום / אָדֹם • (adóm) m

1. red

Etymology 2

From אָדֹם (“red”), see Genesis 25:30. Attested to in Ancient Egyptian as Egyptian jdwmꜥ

Pronunciation

• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔɛ̆ˈðoːm/, [ʔɛˈðoː.om]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔəˈðøm/, [ʔæˈðøːm]
• (Persian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔeˈdom/
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔeˈdom/
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)eˈdom/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɛˈdojm/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)eˈdom/

Proper noun

אֱדוֹם • (edóm)

1. Edom (name given to Esau)
2. Edom (region)
3. Edom (the nation of the Edomites)
4. (Medieval Hebrew) Christendom, the Christians
   • 1140, Yehuda HaLevi, “1:6”, in Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon, transl., Sefer Kuzari:

     אַחַר כָּךְ אָמַר הַכּוּזָרִי בְלִבּוֹ, אֶשְׁאַל אֱדוֹם וְיִשְׁמָעִאל, כִּי אֶחָד מִשְּׁנֵי הַמַּעֲשִׂים הוּא הַנִּרְצֶה מֵאֵין סָפֵק.

     After this the Khazar said to himself, I will ask the Christians and the Muslims, for one of these two is undoubtedly God's will.

     (literally, “After this the Khazar said in his heart, I will ask Edom and Ishmael, for one of these two actions is that which is wanted, without a doubt.”)

Coordinate terms

• ישמעאל (term referring to Muslim countries)

Descendants

• → Koine Greek: Ἐδώμ (Edṓm)
  • Greek: Εδώμ (Edóm)
  • → Latin: Edōm, Idūmē
    • → English: Edom

Anagrams

• מאוד