ғун
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Tajik
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Classical Persian غُنْدْ (ğund, “gathered, collected”),[1] from Middle Persian gwnd (/gund/, “group, gathering”). Compare Semnani غند (ğond, “gathered, collected”),[2] Gonabadi غن (ğon, “gathered, collected”),[1] Central Kurdish گوند (gund, “village”), Northern Kurdish gund (“village”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ғун • (ġun) (Persian spelling غن)
Usage notes
[edit]The word ғун (ġun) is not used in isolation in modern Tajik Persian; rather, it is always combined with a verb.[3] To express its original meaning of "gathered, collected, brought together", ғундошта (ġundošta), the past participle of ғун доштан (ġun doštan, “to gather, to collect, to bring together”), is used instead.
Derived terms
[edit]- ғун доштан (ġun doštan, “to gather, to collect, to bring together, to pick up, to harvest”)
- ғун кардан (ġun kardan, “(transitive) to collect, to hoard, to accumulate, to amass”)
- ғун шудан (ġun šudan, “(intransitive) to collect, to hoard, to accumulate, to amass”)
- ғундошта (ġundošta, “gathered, collected, brought together, picked up”)
- ғундошта гирифтан (ġundošta giriftan, “to gather”)
- ғунучин (ġunučin, “picking, gathering, harvesting”)
- ғунучин кардан (ġunučin kardan, “to pick, to gather, to harvest”)
- ғунча (ġunča, “bud”)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “غند”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- ^ Hosein Tabatabaei, Hasan Tabatabaei, Mohammad Rezaei (2015 August 23) “بررسی و تحلیل نظام آوایی گویش سرکویر در مقایسه با زبان پهلوی”, in Journal of Iranian Regional Languages and Literature[1], volume 5, number 2 (in Persian), pages 105–124: “غُند: جمع‌وجور، فراهم (...) در حال حاضر در فارسی تاجيکی، "غُن شدن" و "غن داشتن" به همين معنی استفاده می‌شود. به نظر می‌رسد غنچه با همين ريشه در ارتباط باشد و شکل کهن‌تر آن نيز «غندچه» بوده باشد. در لغت فرس ذيل اين واژه چنين آمده است: نقيبان ز ديدن بماندند کند، که ايشان هميشه نباشند غند.”
- ^ John R. Perry (2005) A Tajik Persian Reference Grammar (in English), Brill, pages 211, 452, 456:
- ḡun 'gathering, collection', may optionally combine with doštan/ dor- 'to have', giving either меғундорад می‌غن‌دارد or ғун медорад غن می‌دارد 'he gathers'. (...) ḡun has no lexical existence outside its verb structures. (...) ғун غن 'gathering, harvest' (not an independent nominal): in combination with doštan/ dor- 'to have, hold', ғун-доштан غن داشتن 'to gather (up), pick up, collect, harvest' may either combine with the verb stem or remain separate: ғалла-ро ғунмедоранд/ меғундоранд غله را غن می‌دارند\ می‌غن‌دارند 'they are harvesting the grain'. With kardan ~ šudan, the result ғун кардан غن کردن 'to collect, hoard, concentrate' behaves like a composite verb, i.e., ḡun is separated from the inflected auxiliary and written as a separate word: хеле пул ғун мекард خیلی پول غن می‌کرد 'he collected/ amassed a lot of money', қӯшун-ҳо ғун мешуданд قشون‌ها غن می‌شدند 'the troops gathered/ massed/ were concentrated'.
Further reading
[edit]- “ғун”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو (in Tajik), 2024