спила

See also: спиља

Bulgarian

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Greek σπήλαιο (spílaio, “cavern”) with semantic shift. Identical with Macedonian спила (spila, “cliff”) and also loaned into Serbo-Croatian спи̏ља/шпи̏ља (“cave”), Aromanian spilă (“cave”).

Formally resembles Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point, spike”) (compare English spile, spire, spike, spit or Russian спина́ (spiná, “back, ridge”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈspiɫɐ]

Noun

спи́ла • (spíla) f

1. (dialectal) cliff, cusp

   Synonyms: скала́ (skalá), канара́ (kanará)

Declension

Declension of спи́ла

	singular	plural
indefinite	спи́ла spíla	спи́ли spíli
definite	спи́лата spílata	спи́лите spílite

Alternative forms

• спи́да (spída) — dialectal

Derived terms

• спила́к (spilák, “sharp cusp”) (Thracian dialects)
• спило́к (spilók) (Rhodopian dialects)
  • спилочи́е (spiločíe, “rocky terrain”)

References

• Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “спила”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 288
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “спила”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 226

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈspiɫa]

Noun

спила • (spila) f

1. cliff, rock

Declension

Declension of спила

	singular	plural
indefinite	спила (spila)	спили (spili)
definite unspecified	спилата (spilata)	спилите (spilite)
definite proximal	спилава (spilava)	спиливе (spilive)
definite distal	спилана (spilana)	спилине (spiline)
vocative	спило (spilo)	спили (spili)