руен

Bulgarian

Etymology

Polygenous:

• Inherited from Proto-Slavic *řujьnъ (“roaring”), of onomatopoeic origin; akin to Bulgarian рева́ (revá, “to cry”).
• Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rujьnъ (“turbulent”); akin to Bulgarian ри́я (ríja, “to dig”).
• Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rujьnъ (“reddish, vibrant”), limited to South Slavic; akin to dialectal Bulgarian руй (ruj, “sumac”).

Dictionaries do not make formal distinction between the various meanings.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈruɛn]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

ру́ен • (rúen)

1. (of liquids, streams) foaming, frothy

   руйно вино ― rujno vino ― foamy wine

   руен поток ― ruen potok ― foaming stream

2. (of sound) vibrant, resonant

   руйна реч ― rujna reč ― sweet-sounding speech

3. (of complexion) reddish, vermillion (color of sumac panicles)

   руен:  

4. (of fruits) starting to ripen, half-ripe

Declension

Positive forms of ру́ен

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	ру́ен rúen	ру́йна rújna	ру́йно rújno	ру́йни rújni
definite (subject form)	ру́йният rújnijat	ру́йната rújnata	ру́йното rújnoto	ру́йните rújnite
definite (object form)	ру́йния rújnija

Comparative forms of ру́ен

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	по́-ру́ен pó-rúen	по́-ру́йна pó-rújna	по́-ру́йно pó-rújno	по́-ру́йни pó-rújni
definite (subject form)	по́-ру́йният pó-rújnijat	по́-ру́йната pó-rújnata	по́-ру́йното pó-rújnoto	по́-ру́йните pó-rújnite
definite (object form)	по́-ру́йния pó-rújnija

Superlative forms of ру́ен

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	на́й-ру́ен náj-rúen	на́й-ру́йна náj-rújna	на́й-ру́йно náj-rújno	на́й-ру́йни náj-rújni
definite (subject form)	на́й-ру́йният náj-rújnijat	на́й-ру́йната náj-rújnata	на́й-ру́йното náj-rújnoto	на́й-ру́йните náj-rújnite
definite (object form)	на́й-ру́йния náj-rújnija

Related terms

• ру́ев (rúev, “lustrous, gleaming”)

References

• “руен”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “руен”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ру́йнꙑй; -енъ, -йна, -йно”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 89
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “руен”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 337

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈruɛn]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

руен • (ruen) (not comparable)

1. red, ruddy

Declension

Declension of руен

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	руен (ruen)	рујна (rujna)	рујно (rujno)	рујни (rujni)
definite unspecified	рујниот (rujniot)	рујната (rujnata)	рујното (rujnoto)	рујните (rujnite)
definite proximal	рујниов (rujniov)	рујнава (rujnava)	рујново (rujnovo)	рујниве (rujnive)
definite distal	рујнион (rujnion)	рујнана (rujnana)	рујноно (rujnono)	рујнине (rujnine)