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радуга

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Russian

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Ра́дуга

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *radǫga. The first element more likely derives from Proto-Slavic *radъ (glad, dear, willing) than folk etymology’s Proto-Slavic *rajь. Compare Russian весёлка (vesjólka, rainbow) (dialectal) related to весёлый (vesjólyj, merry, cheerful, happy, convivial, gleeful, lighthearted), Belarusian вясёлка (vjasjólka, rainbow). The second element from Proto-Slavic *dǫga would be cognate with Lithuanian dangùs (sky, heaven) and perhaps further Proto-Germanic *tunglą (heavenly body) together from a tentative Proto-Indo-European root *denǵʰ-.

Slavic cognates include Ukrainian ра́йдуга (rájduha).

A borrowing from Alanic, compare Ossetian ӕрдын (ærdyn, bow; rainbow), Classical Persian درونه (durōna, rainbow) is also possible.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈradʊɡə]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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ра́дуга (rádugaf inan (genitive ра́дуги, nominative plural ра́дуги, genitive plural ра́дуг)

  1. (meteorology) rainbow
    Synonym: (dialectal) весёлка (vesjólka)

Declension

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References

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  • Szemerényi, Oswald (1967) “Славянская этимология на индоевропейском фоне”, in В. А. Меркулова, transl., Вопросы языкознания (in Russian), number 4, page 23
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “радуга”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Bogatova, G. A., editor (1995), “радуга”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 21 (прочный – раскидати), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 126