вертеп

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic врьтьпъ (vrĭtĭpŭ, “cave, garden”), instead of expected *вертёп (*vertjóp), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *vьrtъpъ. Compare Ukrainian верте́п (vertép), Bulgarian върто́п (vǎrtóp, “whirlpool”), Slovene vrtèp. Per Vasmer, possibly related to Bulgarian врът (vrǎt, “vegetable garden”), Serbo-Croatian вр̏т (“garden”) as well as Lithuanian vérti (“to lock”) (1sg. veriù), Tocharian B warto (“garden, grove”) (also wärto), Old English weorð (“house fence”) (also worð).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vʲɪrˈtʲep]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

верте́п • (vertép) m inan (genitive верте́па, nominative plural верте́пы, genitive plural верте́пов)

1. (archaic or biblical) cave, hideout
2. (somewhat dated, figuratively) den, lair (especially of criminals or vice)
3. (somewhat dated, figuratively) slum
4. (dated, Ukraine) large box for puppets displaying nativity scenes or comic scenes
5. (dated, figurative) performance of such puppets

Declension

Declension of верте́п (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	верте́п vertép	верте́пы vertépy
genitive	верте́па vertépa	верте́пов vertépov
dative	верте́пу vertépu	верте́пам vertépam
accusative	верте́п vertép	верте́пы vertépy
instrumental	верте́пом vertépom	верте́пами vertépami
prepositional	верте́пе vertépe	верте́пах vertépax

Derived terms

• верте́пный (vertépnyj)
• верте́пник (vertépnik)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вертеп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “вертеп”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 144
• Shansky, N. M., editor (1968), “вертеп”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 3 (В), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 65
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “вертеп”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
• Krylov, G. A. (2004) “вертеп”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
• Anikin, A. E. (2012) “вертеп I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 331

Ukrainian

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *vьrtъpъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʋerˈtɛp]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

верте́п • (vertép) m inan (genitive верте́пу, nominative plural верте́пи, genitive plural верте́пів)

1. (archaic) cave, hideout
2. large box for puppets displaying nativity scenes or comic scenes
3. (figuratively) den, lair (especially of criminals or vice)

Declension

Declension of верте́п (inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	верте́п vertép	верте́пи vertépy
genitive	верте́пу vertépu	верте́пів vertépiv
dative	верте́пові, верте́пу vertépovi, vertépu	верте́пам vertépam
accusative	верте́п vertép	верте́пи vertépy
instrumental	верте́пом vertépom	верте́пами vertépamy
locative	верте́пі vertépi	верте́пах vertépax
vocative	верте́пе vertépe	верте́пи vertépy

Derived terms

• верте́пний (vertépnyj)
• верте́пник (vertépnyk)

Further reading

• Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “верте́п”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN