больница

Church Slavonic

Etymology

From больнъ (bolĭnŭ, “sick”) +‎ -ица (-ica).

Noun

больни́ца (bolĭníca) f

1. asylum (for the poor and sick, usually at a monastery)

Descendants

• → Bulgarian: бо́лница (bólnica, “hospital”)
• → Macedonian: болница (bolnica, “hospital”)
• → Old East Slavic: больница (bolĭnica, “infirmary, hospital (usually at a monastery)”)
  • Old Ruthenian: больница (bolʹnica), болница (bolnica, “asylum; hospital”)
    • Belarusian: бальні́ца (balʹníca)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: бо́лниця (bólnycja)
      • → Pannonian Rusyn: больнїца (bolʹnjica)
    • Ukrainian: бо́льниця (bólʹnycja) (obsolete)
  • Russian: больни́ца (bolʹníca, “hospital”) (see there for further descendants)
• → Romanian: bolniță (dated)
• → Serbo-Croatian: bólnica / бо́лница (“hospital”)
• → Slovene: bọ̑lnica (“hospital”) (tonal orthography)

Further reading

• Dyachenko, Grigory M. (1900) “больни́ца”, in Полный церковнославѧнскій словарь [Complete Church Slavonic Dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: Typography Wilde, page 55

Old Ruthenian

Alternative forms

• болница (bolnica)

Etymology

By surface analysis, больный (bolʹnyj) +‎ -ица (-ica). Cognate with Russian больни́ца (bolʹníca), which is from Middle Russian больница (bolʹnica), attested in 16-17ᵗʰ c., Church Slavonic больни́ца (bolĭníca).

Noun

больница • (bolʹnica) f

1. asylum (for the poor and sick, usually at a monastery)
2. hospital, clinic

Descendants

• Belarusian: бальні́ца (balʹníca)
• Carpathian Rusyn: бо́лниця (bólnycja)
  • → Pannonian Rusyn: больнїца (bolʹnjica)
• Ukrainian: бо́льниця (bólʹnycja) (obsolete)

Further reading

• Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1983), “больница, болница”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 2 (биецъ – варивный), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 144
• Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1996), “больница, болница”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 3 (богъ – весъной), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 25

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Russian больница (bolʹnica), attested in 16-17ᵗʰ c. By surface analysis, боль (bolʹ) +‎ -ница (-nica). Cognate with Old Ruthenian больница (bolʹnica), болница (bolnica), Church Slavonic больни́ца (bolĭníca).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɐlʲˈnʲit͡sə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

больни́ца • (bolʹníca) f inan (genitive больни́цы, nominative plural больни́цы, genitive plural больни́ц, relational adjective больни́чный, diminutive больни́чка)

1. hospital

   Synonyms: го́спиталь (góspitalʹ) (usually military); кли́ника (klínika)

   ложи́ться в больни́цу ― ložítʹsja v bolʹnícu ― to go to hospital (to be hospitalised)

Declension

Declension of больни́ца (inan fem-form ц-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	больни́ца bolʹníca	больни́цы bolʹnícy
genitive	больни́цы bolʹnícy	больни́ц bolʹníc
dative	больни́це bolʹníce	больни́цам bolʹnícam
accusative	больни́цу bolʹnícu	больни́цы bolʹnícy
instrumental	больни́цей, больни́цею bolʹnícej, bolʹníceju	больни́цами bolʹnícami
prepositional	больни́це bolʹníce	больни́цах bolʹnícax

Pre-reform declension of больни́ца (inan fem-form ц-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	больни́ца bolʹníca	больни́цы bolʹnícy
genitive	больни́цы bolʹnícy	больни́цъ bolʹníc
dative	больни́цѣ bolʹnícě	больни́цамъ bolʹnícam
accusative	больни́цу bolʹnícu	больни́цы bolʹnícy
instrumental	больни́цей, больни́цею bolʹnícej, bolʹníceju	больни́цами bolʹnícami
prepositional	больни́цѣ bolʹnícě	больни́цахъ bolʹnícax

Derived terms

• о̀нкобольни́ца (ònkobolʹníca)

Related terms

• больно́й (bolʹnój)

Descendants

• → Armenian: բալնիցա (balnicʻa), բալինցա (balincʻa)
• → Bezhta: балница (balnica)
• → Ingrian: bolnitsa
• → Karelian:
  • North Karelian: polʹničča
  • South Karelian: bolʹničča
• → Livvi: bolʹničču
• → Kazakh: бәлніс (bälnıs)
• → Mongolian:

  Cyrillic script: больниц (bolʹnic)

  Mongolian script: ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠨᠢᠼᠠ (bolinica)

• → Yakut: балыыһа (balııha)