φοῖβος

See also: Φοῖβος and Φοίβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unexplained.

• Some have connected the glosses ἀφικτόν (aphiktón, “repugnant, detestable”) and ἀφικτρός (aphiktrós, “stained, defiled”) from the work of Hesychius of Alexandria, giving the positive word with the well-established notion of “pure”.
• According to Albert Joris Van Windekens from Pelasgian and to be connected with ποιμήν (poimḗn), according to others with Latin pūrus und pius.
• According to Schmid metrical transformation of Φόβος (Phóbos). Beekes excludes this. Then the adjective would result as a separate word or as a poetical interpretation of the God's epithet Φοῖβος (Phoîbos).
• Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoygʷ-o-, from *bʰeygʷ- (“to shine, clear”). According to Beekes the word has been connected to the Thessalian town Βοίβη (Boíbē) or Φοίβη (Phoíbē), as listed by Stephanus of Byzantium.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰôi̯.bos/ → /ˈɸy.βos/ → /ˈfi.vos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰôi̯.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰy.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸy.βos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfy.vos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.vos/

Adjective

φοῖβος • (phoîbos) m (feminine φοίβη, neuter φοῖβον); first/second declension

1. pure, bright, radiant

Inflection

First and second declension of φοῖβος; φοίβη; φοῖβον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		φοῖβος phoîbos	φοίβη phoíbē	φοῖβον phoîbon		φοίβω phoíbō	φοίβᾱ phoíbā	φοίβω phoíbō		φοῖβοι phoîboi	φοῖβαι phoîbai	φοῖβᾰ phoîbă
Genitive		φοίβου phoíbou	φοίβης phoíbēs	φοίβου phoíbou		φοίβοιν phoíboin	φοίβαιν phoíbain	φοίβοιν phoíboin		φοίβων phoíbōn	φοίβων phoíbōn	φοίβων phoíbōn
Dative		φοίβῳ phoíbōi	φοίβῃ phoíbēi	φοίβῳ phoíbōi		φοίβοιν phoíboin	φοίβαιν phoíbain	φοίβοιν phoíboin		φοίβοις phoíbois	φοίβαις phoíbais	φοίβοις phoíbois
Accusative		φοῖβον phoîbon	φοίβην phoíbēn	φοῖβον phoîbon		φοίβω phoíbō	φοίβᾱ phoíbā	φοίβω phoíbō		φοίβους phoíbous	φοίβᾱς phoíbās	φοῖβᾰ phoîbă
Vocative		φοῖβε phoîbe	φοίβη phoíbē	φοῖβον phoîbon		φοίβω phoíbō	φοίβᾱ phoíbā	φοίβω phoíbō		φοῖβοι phoîboi	φοῖβαι phoîbai	φοῖβᾰ phoîbă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		φοίβως phoíbōs				φοιβότερος phoibóteros				φοιβότᾰτος phoibótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• φοιβᾰ́ζω (phoibắzō)
• φοιβαίνω (phoibaínō)
• φοιβᾰ́ς (phoibắs)
• φοιβᾰστής (phoibăstḗs)
• φοιβᾰστῐκός (phoibăstĭkós)
• φοιβᾰ́στρῐᾰ (phoibắstrĭă)
• φοιβᾰ́ω (phoibắō)
• φοίβειος (phoíbeios)
• Φοίβη (Phoíbē)
• φοιβηλᾰ́λος (phoibēlắlos)
• φοίβησῐς (phoíbēsĭs)
• φοιβητεύω (phoibēteúō)
• φοιβητήρ (phoibētḗr)
• φοιβητής (phoibētḗs)
• φοιβητός (phoibētós)
• φοιβήτρῐᾰ (phoibḗtrĭă)
• φοιβήτωρ (phoibḗtōr)
• φοιβόληπτος (phoibólēptos)
• φοιβονομέομαι (phoibonoméomai)
• Φοῖβος (Phoîbos)

Further reading

• “φοῖβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φοῖβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φοῖβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN