φαρέτρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

φαρέτρη (pharétrē) — Ionic

Etymology

It has been assumed a derivation with a reduced grade from φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), beside a full grade in φέρετρον (phéretron, “bier, litter”). However, because a reduced grade is not accepted anymore since the laryngeal theory, a loanword with a folk-etymological adaptation should be considered.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰa.ré.traː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰaˈre.tra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸaˈre.tra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /faˈre.tra/

Noun

φᾰρέτρᾱ • (phărétrā) f (genitive φᾰρέτρᾱς); first declension

quiver for arrows
Synonyms: γωρυτός (gōrutós), ὀϊστοθήκη (oïstothḗkē)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ; τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ hē phărétrā	τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ phărétrā	αἱ φᾰρέτραι hai phărétrai
Genitive	τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς tês phărétrās	τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn phărétrain	τῶν φᾰρετρῶν tôn phăretrôn
Dative	τῇ φᾰρέτρᾳ têi phărétrāi	τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn phărétrain	ταῖς φᾰρέτραις taîs phărétrais
Accusative	τὴν φᾰρέτρᾱν tḕn phărétrān	τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ phărétrā	τᾱ̀ς φᾰρέτρᾱς tā̀s phărétrās
Vocative	φᾰρέτρᾱ phărétrā	φᾰρέτρᾱ phărétrā	φᾰρέτραι phărétrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

φαρετρεών (pharetreṓn)
φαρέτριον (pharétrion)
φαρετρίτης (pharetrítēs)
φαρετροφόρος (pharetrophóros)

Descendants

→ Latin: pharetra
- → Italian: faretra
- → Portuguese: fáretra
- → Romanian: faretră

“φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
φαρέτρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN