φάγρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

According to Beekes, the presence of the variants leads to a Pre-Greek origin.

Alternative forms

• πάγρος (págros)
• φαγρώριος (phagrṓrios)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰá.ɡros/ → /ˈɸa.ɣros/ → /ˈfa.ɣros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰá.ɡros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰa.ɡros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸa.ɣros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ɣros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ɣros/

Noun

φάγρος • (phágros) m (genitive φάγρου); second declension

1. red porgy (Pagrus pagrus)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ φᾰ́γρος; τοῦ φᾰ́γρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φᾰ́γρος ho phágros	τὼ φᾰ́γρω tṑ phágrō	οἱ φᾰ́γροι hoi phágroi
Genitive	τοῦ φᾰ́γρου toû phágrou	τοῖν φᾰ́γροιν toîn phágroin	τῶν φᾰ́γρων tôn phágrōn
Dative	τῷ φᾰ́γρῳ tôi phágrōi	τοῖν φᾰ́γροιν toîn phágroin	τοῖς φᾰ́γροις toîs phágrois
Accusative	τὸν φᾰ́γρον tòn phágron	τὼ φᾰ́γρω tṑ phágrō	τοὺς φᾰ́γρους toùs phágrous
Vocative	φᾰ́γρε phágre	φᾰ́γρω phágrō	φᾰ́γροι phágroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: phager
  • Catalan: pagre
  • Galician: prago
  • Spanish: pargo
    • → English: porgy

Etymology 2

Might be formally and semantically identical to Old Armenian բարկ (bark, “bitter, sharp of taste”), so from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂g-ro- (“sharpening”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰá.ɡros/ → /ˈɸa.ɣros/ → /ˈfa.ɣros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰá.ɡros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰa.ɡros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸa.ɣros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ɣros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ɣros/

Noun

φάγρος • (phágros) m (genitive φάγρου); second declension

1. Cretan word for whetstone

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ φᾰ́γρος; τοῦ φᾰ́γρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φᾰ́γρος ho phágros	τὼ φᾰ́γρω tṑ phágrō	οἱ φᾰ́γροι hoi phágroi
Genitive	τοῦ φᾰ́γρου toû phágrou	τοῖν φᾰ́γροιν toîn phágroin	τῶν φᾰ́γρων tôn phágrōn
Dative	τῷ φᾰ́γρῳ tôi phágrōi	τοῖν φᾰ́γροιν toîn phágroin	τοῖς φᾰ́γροις toîs phágrois
Accusative	τὸν φᾰ́γρον tòn phágron	τὼ φᾰ́γρω tṑ phágrō	τοὺς φᾰ́γρους toùs phágrous
Vocative	φᾰ́γρε phágre	φᾰ́γρω phágrō	φᾰ́γροι phágroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “φάγρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• φάγρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN