τύκος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

τύχος (túkhos)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *túkos, traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *teuk-, with cognates in Russian ткать (tkatʹ, “to weave”) and Latvian tūkât (“to knead, press”). Yet the consonant variation rather seems to demonstrate that the word is Pre-Greek. The influence of τεύχω (teúkhō, “to make”) is improbable, as its meaning is not specific enough.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tý.kos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈty.kos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈty.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈty.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈti.kos/

Noun

τῠ́κος • (tŭ́kos) m (genitive τῠ́κου); second declension

instrument for stonework, mason's hammer or pick
battle axe, poleaxe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ τῠ́κος; τοῦ τῠ́κου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τῠ́κος ho tŭ́kos	τὼ τῠ́κω tṑ tŭ́kō	οἱ τῠ́κοι hoi tŭ́koi
Genitive	τοῦ τῠ́κου toû tŭ́kou	τοῖν τῠ́κοιν toîn tŭ́koin	τῶν τῠ́κων tôn tŭ́kōn
Dative	τῷ τῠ́κῳ tôi tŭ́kōi	τοῖν τῠ́κοιν toîn tŭ́koin	τοῖς τῠ́κοις toîs tŭ́kois
Accusative	τὸν τῠ́κον tòn tŭ́kon	τὼ τῠ́κω tṑ tŭ́kō	τοὺς τῠ́κους toùs tŭ́kous
Vocative	τῠ́κε tŭ́ke	τῠ́κω tŭ́kō	τῠ́κοι tŭ́koi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

εὔτῠκος (eútŭkos)
τῠκᾰ́νη (tŭkắnē)
τῠκῐ́ζω (tŭkĭ́zō)
τῠκῐ́ον (tŭkĭ́on)
τῠ́κῐσμᾰ (tŭ́kĭsmă)

“τύκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“τύκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
τύκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN