σφυγμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σφύζω (sphúzō, “to throb”) +‎ -μός (-mós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /spʰyŋ.mós/ → /sɸyɣˈmos/ → /sfiɣˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰyŋ.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /spʰyɡˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /sɸyɣˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /sfyɣˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sfiɣˈmos/

Noun

σφῠγμός • (sphugmós) m (genitive σφῠγμοῦ); second declension

1. the throbbing of inflamed parts

   Synonym: παλμός (palmós)

   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Aphorisms 1259
2. the beating of the heart and circulatory system, pulse
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Breath 4.1
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Respiration 20.1
3. a vibration of the earth, quake
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 2.8.12
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Alexander the Great 35
4. (figuratively) any violent emotion
   • Wyttenbach's
     46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.132D

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ σφῠγμός; τοῦ σφῠγμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σφῠγμός ho sphugmós	τὼ σφῠγμώ tṑ sphugmṓ	οἱ σφῠγμοί hoi sphugmoí
Genitive	τοῦ σφῠγμοῦ toû sphugmoû	τοῖν σφῠγμοῖν toîn sphugmoîn	τῶν σφῠγμῶν tôn sphugmôn
Dative	τῷ σφῠγμῷ tôi sphugmôi	τοῖν σφῠγμοῖν toîn sphugmoîn	τοῖς σφῠγμοῖς toîs sphugmoîs
Accusative	τὸν σφῠγμόν tòn sphugmón	τὼ σφῠγμώ tṑ sphugmṓ	τοὺς σφῠγμούς toùs sphugmoús
Vocative	σφῠγμέ sphugmé	σφῠγμώ sphugmṓ	σφῠγμοί sphugmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σφυγμικός (sphugmikós)

Further reading

• “σφυγμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σφυγμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette