σφυγμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σφύζω (sphúzō, “to throb”) +‎ -μός (-mós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /spʰyŋ.mós/ → /sɸyɣˈmos/ → /sfiɣˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰyŋ.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /spʰyɡˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /sɸyɣˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /sfyɣˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sfiɣˈmos/

Noun

σφῠγμός • (sphŭgmós) m (genitive σφῠγμοῦ); second declension

1. the throbbing of inflamed parts

   Synonym: παλμός (palmós)

   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorisms 1259
2. the beating of the heart and circulatory system, pulse
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Breath 4.1
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Respiration 20.1
3. a vibration of the earth, quake
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 2.8.12
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Alexander the Great 35
4. (figuratively) any violent emotion
   • Wyttenbach's
     46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.132D

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ σφῠγμός; τοῦ σφῠγμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σφῠγμός ho sphŭgmós	τὼ σφῠγμώ tṑ sphŭgmṓ	οἱ σφῠγμοί hoi sphŭgmoí
Genitive	τοῦ σφῠγμοῦ toû sphŭgmoû	τοῖν σφῠγμοῖν toîn sphŭgmoîn	τῶν σφῠγμῶν tôn sphŭgmôn
Dative	τῷ σφῠγμῷ tôi sphŭgmôi	τοῖν σφῠγμοῖν toîn sphŭgmoîn	τοῖς σφῠγμοῖς toîs sphŭgmoîs
Accusative	τὸν σφῠγμόν tòn sphŭgmón	τὼ σφῠγμώ tṑ sphŭgmṓ	τοὺς σφῠγμούς toùs sphŭgmoús
Vocative	σφῠγμέ sphŭgmé	σφῠγμώ sphŭgmṓ	σφῠγμοί sphŭgmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σφυγμικός (sphugmikós)

Further reading

• “σφυγμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σφυγμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette