σοφίζω

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Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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From σοφός (sophós, skilled, wise) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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σοφίζω (sophízō)

  1. to make wise, instruct
    • New Testament, Second Epistle to Timothy 3:15:
      τὰ δυνάμενά σε σοφίσαι εἰς σωτηρίαν διὰ πίστεως
      tà dunámená se sophísai eis sōtērían dià písteōs
      which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith
    1. (passive voice) to become wise, clever, skilled
      • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 649:
        οὔτε τι ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος οὔτε τι νηῶν
        oúte ti nautilíēs sesophisménos oúte ti nēôn
        though I have no skill in sea-faring nor in ships
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 13.6:
        ὅτι ἐν τοῖς ὀνόμασι σοφίζονται, οὐκ ἐν τοῖς νοήμασιν
        hóti en toîs onómasi sophízontai, ouk en toîs noḗmasin
        because they profess wisdom of words and not of thoughts
    2. (middle voice) to teach oneself, learn
  2. (middle voice) to practice an art; to be subtle; to speculate
    • 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 200:
      οὐδὲν σοφιζόμεσθα τοῖσι δαίμοσιν.
      oudèn sophizómestha toîsi daímosin.
      We use no subtleties in dealing with the gods.
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 299b:
      καὶ σοφιζόμενος ὁτιοῦν περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα
      kaì sophizómenos hotioûn perì tà toiaûta
      or to be indulging in any speculation whatsoever on such matters
    1. (with accusative) to devise skillfully
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.27:
        ὁ Τελλίης οὗτος σοφίζεται αὐτοῖσι τοιόνδε.
        ho Tellíēs hoûtos sophízetai autoîsi toiónde.
        Tellias devised a stratagem for them:
      • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 77:
        ἀλλ’ αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι
        all’ autò toûto deî sophisthênai
        this is the very thing one must gain by craft
    2. (with accusative of person) to deceive
      • 75 CE, Josephus, The Jewish War 4.2.3:
        τοιούτοις ἐσοφίζετο τὸν Τίτον
        toioútois esophízeto tòn Títon
        Thus did this man put a trick upon Titus

Inflection

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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