σιμός

See also: σῖμος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. Has been connected to Old High German swīnan, Old Norse svīna, as well as Middle High German swīmen, Old Norse svīma, though these are formally impossible (as Proto-Indo-European *sw- does not yield Greek σ- (s-)), and the theory relating the word to σῶμα (sôma, “body”) and σῆμᾰ (sêmă, “sign”) via a supposed Proto-Indo-European *tyeh₂- (“to strike”) is semantically improbable. Ultimately, all proposed connections are problematic, and Beekes suggests a likely Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /siː.mós/ → /siˈmos/ → /siˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /siː.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /siˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /siˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /siˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siˈmos/

Adjective

σῑμός • (sīmós) m (feminine σῑμή, neuter σῑμόν); first/second declension

1. snub-nosed, flat nosed
2. steep, uphill
3. bent in, hollow, concave

Inflection

First and second declension of σῑμός; σῑμή; σῑμόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		σῑμός sīmós	σῑμή sīmḗ	σῑμόν sīmón		σῑμώ sīmṓ	σῑμᾱ́ sīmā́	σῑμώ sīmṓ		σῑμοί sīmoí	σῑμαί sīmaí	σῑμᾰ́ sīmắ
Genitive		σῑμοῦ sīmoû	σῑμῆς sīmês	σῑμοῦ sīmoû		σῑμοῖν sīmoîn	σῑμαῖν sīmaîn	σῑμοῖν sīmoîn		σῑμῶν sīmôn	σῑμῶν sīmôn	σῑμῶν sīmôn
Dative		σῑμῷ sīmôi	σῑμῇ sīmêi	σῑμῷ sīmôi		σῑμοῖν sīmoîn	σῑμαῖν sīmaîn	σῑμοῖν sīmoîn		σῑμοῖς sīmoîs	σῑμαῖς sīmaîs	σῑμοῖς sīmoîs
Accusative		σῑμόν sīmón	σῑμήν sīmḗn	σῑμόν sīmón		σῑμώ sīmṓ	σῑμᾱ́ sīmā́	σῑμώ sīmṓ		σῑμούς sīmoús	σῑμᾱ́ς sīmā́s	σῑμᾰ́ sīmắ
Vocative		σῑμέ sīmé	σῑμή sīmḗ	σῑμόν sīmón		σῑμώ sīmṓ	σῑμᾱ́ sīmā́	σῑμώ sīmṓ		σῑμοί sīmoí	σῑμαί sīmaí	σῑμᾰ́ sīmắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		σῑμῶς sīmôs				σῑμότερος sīmóteros				σῑμότᾰτος sīmótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: sīmus

Further reading

• “σιμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σιμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • snub-nosed idem, page 789.
  • upturn idem, page 939.
• σιμός, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011