σαπάνα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Only found in one Dioskourides locus about “Phoenician” Anagallis, where it is said to be the name of the Gauls, which may be seen as the Punic population in Gaul, as the shape of the word is Semitic, and 𐤑𐤐𐤍 (ṣpn) is known from onomastics – see Baal-zephon – as meaning “to save, to protect”, relating to medicinal uses of the plant.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sa.pá.na/ → /saˈpa.na/ → /saˈpa.na/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sa.pá.na/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /saˈpa.na/

Noun

σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ • (săpắnă) f (genitive σᾰπᾰ́νης); first declension

1. scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis)

   Synonym: ἀναγαλλίς (anagallís)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ; τῆς σᾰπᾰ́νης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ hē săpắnă	τὼ σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ tṑ săpắnā	αἱ σᾰπᾰ́ναι hai săpắnai
Genitive	τῆς σᾰπᾰ́νης tês săpắnēs	τοῖν σᾰπᾰ́ναιν toîn săpắnain	τῶν σᾰπᾰνῶν tôn săpănôn
Dative	τῇ σᾰπᾰ́νῃ têi săpắnēi	τοῖν σᾰπᾰ́ναιν toîn săpắnain	ταῖς σᾰπᾰ́ναις taîs săpắnais
Accusative	τὴν σᾰπᾰ́νᾰν tḕn săpắnăn	τὼ σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ tṑ săpắnā	τᾱ̀ς σᾰπᾰ́νᾱς tā̀s săpắnās
Vocative	σᾰπᾰ́νᾰ săpắnă	σᾰπᾰ́νᾱ săpắnā	σᾰπᾰ́ναι săpắnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• σαπάνα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ἀναγαλλίς φοινικῆ – Anagallis arvensis L. subsp. phoenicea”, in Dioscórides Interactivo‎^[1] (in Spanish), 2025
• Langkavel, Bernhard (1866) Botanik der späteren Griechen vom dritten bis dreizehnten Jahrhunderte (in German), Berlin: F. Berggold, page 63
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 77