πῶρος

See also: Πῶρος and πωρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

It has no certain etymology. According to Haupt, it was borrowed from Akkadian; Furnée connects *ψώρος (*psṓros) in ψωρίτης (psōrítēs, “kind of marble”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin. Likely a Wanderwort also found in Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒈾𒁓 (/⁠pīlu, pūlu⁠/, “limestone”), Akkadian 𒁓𒊏 (pūru, literally “stone bowl”), Urartian 𒉌𒌓𒁍𒇻𒋛 (NA₄.pu-lu-si /⁠pulus⁠/, “stone, stele”), Old Armenian բուռ (buṙ, “lime, plaster, varnish”). An ancient Anatolian or Mesopotamian origin is probable, with Sumerian 𒁓 (/⁠bur⁠/, “stone (vessel)”) as the likely source.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pɔ̂ː.ros/ → /ˈpo.ros/ → /ˈpo.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pɔ̂ː.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpo.ros/

Noun

πῶρος • (pôros) m (genitive πώρου); second declension

1. tuff
2. kind of marble used in building
3. stalactite in caverns
4. (pathology) stone in the bladder

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ πῶρος; τοῦ πώρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πῶρος ho pôros	τὼ πώρω tṑ pṓrō	οἱ πῶροι hoi pôroi
Genitive	τοῦ πώρου toû pṓrou	τοῖν πώροιν toîn pṓroin	τῶν πώρων tôn pṓrōn
Dative	τῷ πώρῳ tôi pṓrōi	τοῖν πώροιν toîn pṓroin	τοῖς πώροις toîs pṓrois
Accusative	τὸν πῶρον tòn pôron	τὼ πώρω tṑ pṓrō	τοὺς πώρους toùs pṓrous
Vocative	πῶρε pôre	πώρω pṓrō	πῶροι pôroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πωρεία (pōreía)
• πωρίασις (pōríasis)
• πωρίδιον (pōrídion)
• πώρινος (pṓrinos)
• πωρίον (pōríon)
• πωρόμφαλον (pōrómphalon)
• πωρόω (pōróō)
• πωρώδης (pōrṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: pōrus

Further reading

• “πῶρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πῶρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πῶρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN