μάραγνα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• σμάραγνα (smáragna)

Etymology

The word corresponds to Classical Syriac ܡܪܓܢܐ (māragnā, “kind of scourge”).

Hübschmann already assumed that both were loans from Old Persian *māra-gna (“killer of snakes”), and Walther Hinz derives it from an Old Iranian term *māragna- (literally “snake repellant”); compare Persian مار (mâr, “snake”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /má.ra.ɡna/ → /ˈma.ra.ɣna/ → /ˈma.ra.ɣna/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /má.ra.ɡna/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra.ɡna/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra.ɣna/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra.ɣna/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra.ɣna/

Noun

μᾰ́ρᾰγνᾰ • (mắrăgnă) f (genitive μᾰρᾰ́γνης); first declension

1. lash, scourge

   Synonym: μάστιξ (mástix)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ μᾰ́ρᾰγνᾰ; τῆς μᾰρᾰ́γνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ μᾰ́ρᾰγνᾰ hē mắrăgnă	τὼ μᾰρᾰ́γνᾱ tṑ mărắgnā	αἱ μᾰ́ρᾰγναι hai mắrăgnai
Genitive	τῆς μᾰρᾰ́γνης tês mărắgnēs	τοῖν μᾰρᾰ́γναιν toîn mărắgnain	τῶν μᾰρᾰγνῶν tôn mărăgnôn
Dative	τῇ μᾰρᾰ́γνῃ têi mărắgnēi	τοῖν μᾰρᾰ́γναιν toîn mărắgnain	ταῖς μᾰρᾰ́γναις taîs mărắgnais
Accusative	τὴν μᾰ́ρᾰγνᾰν tḕn mắrăgnăn	τὼ μᾰρᾰ́γνᾱ tṑ mărắgnā	τᾱ̀ς μᾰρᾰ́γνᾱς tā̀s mărắgnās
Vocative	μᾰ́ρᾰγνᾰ mắrăgnă	μᾰρᾰ́γνᾱ mărắgnā	μᾰ́ρᾰγναι mắrăgnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “μάραγνα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• μάραγνα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN