μάκαρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• μάκαιρα (mákaira)
• μάκᾱρ (mákār)
• μάκαρς (mákars)

Etymology

Probably from Pre-Greek because of the interchange ᾰρ/ᾱρ (ar/ār) in its variants, as well as the word's seemingly isolated formation.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /má.kar/ → /ˈma.kar/ → /ˈma.kar/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /má.kar/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kar/

Adjective

μάκᾰρ • (mákar) m or f (neuter μάκᾰρ); third declension

1. blessed, happy

Declension

Third declension of μάκᾰρ; μᾰ́κᾰρ (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μάκᾰρ mákar	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρες mákares	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Genitive		μᾰ́κᾰρος mákaros	μᾰ́κᾰρος mákaros		μᾰκᾰ́ροιν makároin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν makároin		μᾰκᾰ́ρων makárōn	μᾰκᾰ́ρων makárōn
Dative		μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mákari	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mákari		μᾰκᾰ́ροιν makároin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιν makároin		μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν mákarsi(n)	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν mákarsi(n)
Accusative		μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρᾰς mákaras	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Vocative		μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρες mákares	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		μᾰκᾰ́ρως makárōs			—			—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of μάκᾰρ; μᾰ́κᾰρ (Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μάκᾰρ mákar	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρες mákares	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Genitive		μᾰ́κᾰρος mákaros	μᾰ́κᾰρος mákaros		μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν makároiin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν makároiin		μᾰκᾰ́ρων makárōn	μᾰκᾰ́ρων makárōn
Dative		μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mákari	μᾰ́κᾰρῐ mákari		μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν makároiin	μᾰκᾰ́ροιῐν makároiin		μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐν mákarsi(n) / makáressi(n) / makáresi(n)	μᾰ́κᾰρσῐ / μᾰ́κᾰρσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσσῐν / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐ / μᾰκᾰ́ρεσῐν mákarsi(n) / makáressi(n) / makáresi(n)
Accusative		μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρᾰς mákaras	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Vocative		μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar	μᾰ́κᾰρ mákar		μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare	μᾰ́κᾰρε mákare		μᾰ́κᾰρες mákares	μᾰ́κᾰρᾰ mákara
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		μᾰκᾰ́ρως makárōs			—			—
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• μακάριος (makários)
• μακάρων νῆσοι f pl (makárōn nêsoi, “islands of the blessed”)

Descendants

• → English: makarism

Further reading

• “μάκαρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• μάκαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “μάκαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • blessed idem, page 83.
  • blissful idem, page 84.
  • fortunate idem, page 340.
  • happy idem, page 384.
  • joyful idem, page 464.
  • prosperous idem, page 653.
• “μάκαρ”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011