λύγος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend, twist”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *luką (“lock”), Sanskrit रुग्ण (rugṇá, “bent, broken”), Latin luctor (“I wrestle”) and Latin luxus (“dislocated”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lý.ɡos/ → /ˈly.ɣos/ → /ˈli.ɣos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lý.ɡos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈly.ɡos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈly.ɣos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈly.ɣos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈli.ɣos/

Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowel ύ by adding a macron after it if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked.
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Noun

λύγος • (lúgos) f (genitive λύγου); second declension

1. chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus)

   Synonym: ἄγνος (ágnos)

2. flexible twig, withe

Declension

Second declension of ἡ λῠ́γος; τῆς λῠ́γου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ λῠ́γος hē lŭ́gos	τὼ λῠ́γω tṑ lŭ́gō	αἱ λῠ́γοι hai lŭ́goi
Genitive	τῆς λῠ́γου tês lŭ́gou	τοῖν λῠ́γοιν toîn lŭ́goin	τῶν λῠ́γων tôn lŭ́gōn
Dative	τῇ λῠ́γῳ têi lŭ́gōi	τοῖν λῠ́γοιν toîn lŭ́goin	ταῖς λῠ́γοις taîs lŭ́gois
Accusative	τὴν λῠ́γον tḕn lŭ́gon	τὼ λῠ́γω tṑ lŭ́gō	τᾱ̀ς λῠ́γους tā̀s lŭ́gous
Vocative	λῠ́γε lŭ́ge	λῠ́γω lŭ́gō	λῠ́γοι lŭ́goi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• λυγέα (lugéa)
• λύγινος (lúginos)
• λύγιον (lúgion)
• λυγόω (lugóō)
• λυγώδης (lugṓdēs)

Descendants

• → Latin: lygos

Further reading

• “λύγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• λύγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN