κύπρος

See also: Κύπρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Identical to Hebrew כֹּפֶר / כּוֺפֶר (kōp̱er, “pitch, tar; henna”), Aramaic כּוּפְרָא / ܟܘܦܪܐ (kūp̄rā, “pitch, tar; henna”), Ugaritic 𐎋𐎔𐎗 (kpr, “henna”), Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀞𐀫 (ku-pa-ro, debatable plant), Coptic ⲕⲟⲩⲡⲣ (koupr, “henna”), Demotic qwpr (“henna”), Egyptian qwpr (a given name), Dongolawi kofrē (“henna”), all ultimately from Akkadian 𒇒𒌓𒀀 (kupru, “bitumen, pitch”) from Akkadian 𒅗𒉺𒊒 (kapāru, “to smear, to daub on”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ký.pros/ → /ˈcy.pros/ → /ˈci.pros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ký.pros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.pros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.pros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.pros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pros/

Noun

κῠ́προς • (kúpros) f (genitive κῠ́πρου); second declension

1. henna (Lawsonia inermis plant and dye)

   Synonyms: κριμνός (krimnós), (assumed to be henna) κρημνός (krēmnós)

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ κῠ́προς; τῆς κῠ́πρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κῠ́προς hē kúpros	τὼ κῠ́πρω tṑ kúprō	αἱ κῠ́προι hai kúproi
Genitive	τῆς κῠ́πρου tês kúprou	τοῖν κῠ́προιν toîn kúproin	τῶν κῠ́πρων tôn kúprōn
Dative	τῇ κῠ́πρῳ têi kúprōi	τοῖν κῠ́προιν toîn kúproin	ταῖς κῠ́προις taîs kúprois
Accusative	τὴν κῠ́προν tḕn kúpron	τὼ κῠ́πρω tṑ kúprō	τᾱ̀ς κῠ́πρους tā̀s kúprous
Vocative	κῠ́πρε kúpre	κῠ́πρω kúprō	κῠ́προι kúproi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κύπρινος (kúprinos)

Descendants

• → Latin: cyprus
  • → Middle English: cipre

Further reading

• “κύπρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κύπρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[1] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 212–213
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 218–225
• Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2004) “KPR”, in “A Botanical Snapshot of Ugaritic”, in Aula Orientalis‎^[3], volume 22, number 1, Barcelona, page 122
• Olmo Lete, Gregorio del with Sanmartín, Joaquín and Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2015) “kpr, kprt”, in A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alphabetic Tradition (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 112), 3rd edition, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 448
• Vycichl, Werner (1983) Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte, Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN, pages 84–85
• Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001), The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago‎^[4], volume Q (04.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, pages 11–12