κροτών

See also: Κρότων

Ancient Greek

κροτών illustration in the Vienna Dioscurides

Etymology

Probably a Semitic borrowing, compare Classical Syriac ܩܪܕܐ (qerdā, “tick; castor oil plant”), cognate to Arabic قُرَاد (qurād, “tick”), Tigrinya ቍርዲድ (ḳʷərdid), ቈርዳድ (ḳʷärdad, “tick”), Tigre ቀራድ (ḳärad, “tick”), Harari ቁርዱድ (ḳurdud, “tick”). Which dovetails with the other word for the castor oil plant κίκι (kíki) being borrowed from Egyptian.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kro.tɔ̌ːn/ → /kroˈton/ → /kroˈton/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kro.tɔ̌ːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kroˈton/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kroˈton/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kroˈton/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kroˈton/

Noun

κροτών • (krotṓn) m (genitive κροτῶνος); third declension

1. tick (Ixodes ricinus)
2. castor oil plant (Ricinus communis)
3. (in the plural) castor beans

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ κροτών; τοῦ κροτῶνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κροτών ho krotṓn	τὼ κροτῶνε tṑ krotône	οἱ κροτῶνες hoi krotônes
Genitive	τοῦ κροτῶνος toû krotônos	τοῖν κροτώνοιν toîn krotṓnoin	τῶν κροτώνων tôn krotṓnōn
Dative	τῷ κροτῶνῐ tôi krotôni	τοῖν κροτώνοιν toîn krotṓnoin	τοῖς κροτῶσῐ / κροτῶσῐν toîs krotôsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν κροτῶνᾰ tòn krotôna	τὼ κροτῶνε tṑ krotône	τοὺς κροτῶνᾰς toùs krotônas
Vocative	κροτών krotṓn	κροτῶνε krotône	κροτῶνες krotônes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κροτώνη (krotṓnē)
• κροτωνοειδές (krotōnoeidés)
• κροτωνοφόρος (krotōnophóros)

 

Descendants

• Translingual: Croton

Further reading

• “κροτών”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κροτών”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κροτών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN